Precautions for hypertension include the following.
I. Reasonable diet
1, the importance of diet for hypertension: people are food, a reasonable diet can make you not fat nor thin, cholesterol is not high nor low.
2, the diet of hypertension patients should be contraindicated.
①Carbohydrate food.
Suitable food – rice, porridge, noodles, noodles, kudzu, soup, taro, soft beans.
Foods to be avoided – sweet potatoes (foods that produce abdominal gas), dried beans, strong flavored cookies.
②Protein foods – beef, lean pork, white meat and fish, eggs, milk, dairy products (whipped cream, yeast milk, ice cream, cheese), soybean products (tofu, natto, soybean flour, oiled tofu)
Foods to be avoided – foods with a lot of fat (beef, pork pancetta, pork ribs, whale, herring, tuna, etc., processed products (sausages))
③Fatty foods
Suitable foods – vegetable oil, small amount of cream, salad dressing
Foods to be avoided – animal oil, raw lard, bacon, sardines in oil
④Vitamin and mineral foods
Suitable foods – vegetables (spinach, cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, lily root, pumpkin, eggplant, cucumber) fruits (apples, oranges, pears, grapes, watermelon)
Seaweeds and mushrooms should be cooked before eating.
Foods that should be avoided – vegetables with hard fibers (burdock, bamboo shoots, beans)
Stimulating vegetables (aromatic vegetables, mangosteen, mustard, spring onions, mustard greens)
⑤ Other foods
Foods to be avoided – light aromatic tea, yeast milk drinks
Foods to be avoided – aromatic spices (chili peppers, curry powder)
Alcoholic beverages, salt-impregnated foods (adult vegetables, adult fish roe)
Pickles, coffee
3, hypertensive patients should pay attention to eating habits
① First of all, we should control the intake of energy, advocate eating compound sugars, such as starch, corn, less glucose, fructose and sucrose, which are monosaccharides, prone to cause elevated blood lipids.
② Limit the intake of fat. When cooking, use vegetable oil, can eat more sea fish, sea fish contains unsaturated fatty acids, can make cholesterol oxidation, thus reducing plasma cholesterol, can also prolong platelet coagulation, inhibit thrombosis, prevent stroke, also contains more linoleic acid, to increase the elasticity of microvascular, prevent blood vessel rupture, prevent hypertension complications have a certain role.
③ moderate intake of protein. The daily amount of protein for hypertensive patients is 1g per kilogram of body weight is appropriate. Eat fish protein 2-3 times a week, can improve vascular elasticity and permeability, increase urinary sodium excretion, thus reducing blood pressure. If hypertension combined with renal insufficiency, protein intake should be limited.
④ Eat more foods rich in potassium and calcium and low in sodium, such as potatoes, eggplant, kelp, and lettuce. Foods with high calcium content: milk, sour milk, shrimp skin. Eat less broth, because broth contains increased nitrogen leachate, which can promote the increase of uric acid in the body and increase the burden on the heart, liver and kidneys.
⑤ Limit salt intake: daily should be gradually reduced to less than 6g, that is, ordinary beer cover after removing the gel pad, a flat cover of salt is about 6 g. This amount refers to the amount of salt including cooking salt and other foods containing sodium converted into the total amount of salt. Properly reduce the intake of sodium helps to lower blood pressure and reduce the retention of sodium and water in the body.
Add more fresh vegetables and fruits. Eat not less than 8 taels of fresh vegetables and 2 to 4 taels of fruits every day.
(7) appropriate to increase the intake of seafood: such as kelp, nori, seafood fish, etc.
Second, moderate exercise
The importance of exercise for hypertension: there is a saying: “When you are young, trade your health for money, when you are old, trade your exercise for health.” Exercise can not only promote blood circulation, reduce cholesterol production, and can enhance the occurrence of muscle, bone and joint stiffness. Exercise increases appetite, promotes bowel movement, prevents constipation, and improves sleep. Have the habit of continuous exercise: it is best to do aerobic exercise to help. Aerobic exercise can lower blood pressure as well as weight loss, such as walking, jogging, tai chi, cycling and swimming are all aerobic exercises.
1, the precautions for exercise
① Do not overdo it or too strong too tired, to take a gradual approach to increase the amount of activity.
② Pay attention to the surrounding environment and climate: summer: avoid the sunny hours at noon; winter: pay attention to keep warm to prevent stroke.
③Wear comfortable and sweat-absorbing clothes: choosing cotton clothing and sports shoes are necessary.
④Choose safe places: such as parks, schools, not in the alley, roadside.
⑤ When exercising, do not fast to avoid hypoglycemia, it should be 2 hours after meals.
2.Exercise contraindications
① Stop exercising when you are sick or unwell
② not to do exercise when hungry or an hour after a meal
③ Exercise should not be stopped immediately, to comply with the steps of the exercise program
④ any discomfort in the movement, should be stopped
C. Quit smoking and limit alcohol
Smoking can lead to high blood pressure. Research has shown that smoking a cigarette increases heart rate by 5-20 times per minute and systolic blood pressure by 10-25 mmhg. why? Because the nicotine (nicotine) contained in tobacco excites the central nervous system and sympathetic nerves, causing the heart rate to increase, while also prompting the adrenal glands to release large amounts of catecholamines, causing small arteries to constrict, leading to an increase in blood pressure. Nicotine also stimulates chemoreceptors in the blood vessels, reflexively causing an increase in blood pressure. Long-term heavy smoking also promotes atherosclerosis of the large arteries and the gradual thickening of the intima of the small arteries, which gradually hardens the entire blood vessel. At the same time, because the smoker’s blood carbon monoxide hemoglobin content increases, thus reducing the oxygen content of the blood, so that the arterial intima is hypoxic, the oxygen content of the arterial wall lipids increases, accelerating the formation of atherosclerosis. Therefore, people without hypertension can prevent the occurrence of hypertension by quitting smoking, and people with hypertension should quit smoking.
Compared to smoking, the benefits and drawbacks of alcohol consumption on the body are controversial. Various reports appear from time to time, some saying that drinking a small amount of alcohol is beneficial and some saying that it is harmful, but one thing that is certain is that drinking large amounts of alcohol is definitely harmful, and high concentrations of alcohol can lead to atherosclerosis and aggravate hypertension.
Fourth, the psychological balance
The psychological manifestations of hypertension patients are nervousness, irritability and emotional instability, which in turn are the triggers that make blood pressure rise. Patients can change their behavior, develop good adaptability to the natural environment and society, avoid emotional excitement and excessive tension and anxiety, and be calm and collected when things go wrong; when there is greater mental pressure, they should try to release it, confide in friends and relatives or encourage participation in relaxing amateur activities, pour their spirits into music or flowers, so that they can live in the best situation and thus maintain Stable blood pressure.
V. Self-management
1.Measure blood pressure regularly, at least once in 1-2 weeks.
2, treatment of hypertension should adhere to the “three hearts”, that is, confidence, determination, perseverance, only by doing so can prevent or postpone the damage to important organs of the body.
3.Take antihypertensive drugs regularly, do not reduce or stop the drug at will, can be adjusted under the guidance of the doctor and the current condition, to prevent blood pressure rebound.
4, conditions allow, can provide their own blood pressure meter and learn to self-test blood pressure.
5, with taking appropriate drugs, but also pay attention to the combination of work and rest, pay attention to diet, appropriate exercise, maintain emotional stability, sleep enough.
6, the elderly should not be too hasty in lowering blood pressure, blood pressure should be controlled at 140-159mmhg as appropriate to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.
7, the elderly and taking norepinephrinergic nerve endings blocking drugs to prevent postural hypotension.
8, does not require a strict prohibition of sexual life: note the following situations, should not have sex. ① Do not have intercourse immediately afterwards; ② Sexual intercourse should be prohibited after drinking; ③ If there is dizziness, chest tightness and other discomfort to stop sexual life, and promptly seek medical attention.
Six, seek medical attention on time
①After taking the medicine ②Blood pressure is elevated or too low, blood pressure fluctuates greatly ③Emergency, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, blurred vision, hemiplegia, aphasia, impaired consciousness, breathing difficulties, weakness of limbs, etc. that go to the hospital for medical treatment. If the condition is critical, request to save 120 emergency center
Ten methods of tea therapy for hypertension patients
Hypertension is a common disease in the elderly, patients should adhere to drug therapy, often with Chinese herbal tea drinking can also play a very good auxiliary therapeutic effect.
Chrysanthemum tea: all chrysanthemum should be chrysanthemum, its taste is not bitter, especially in the Suzhou and Hangzhou area of the best white chrysanthemum or small white chrysanthemum, each time with about 3 grams of tea, three times a day; can also be used chrysanthemum plus honeysuckle, licorice with the decoction of tea, which has a calming effect on the liver and eyes, clearing heat and detoxification. For hypertension, arteriosclerosis patients have significant curative effect.
Hawthorn tea: the ingredients contained in hawthorn can help digestion, dilate blood vessels, lower blood sugar and lower blood pressure. At the same time, regular consumption of hawthorn tea has obvious auxiliary effect on the treatment of hypertension. The method of drinking is to use 1-2 fresh hawthorn berries several times a day to make tea.
Lotus leaf tea: Chinese medicine practice shows that the infusion and decoction of lotus leaf has the effect of dilating blood vessels, relieving heat and lowering blood pressure. At the same time, lotus leaf is also a good medicine for fat reduction and fat removal. Treatment of hypertension is to drink: half a fresh lotus leaf washed and chopped, add an appropriate amount of water, boiled and cooled offspring tea to drink.
Sophora flower tea: the buds of the Sophora tree growth is picked and dried, soaked in boiling water as tea, drink several times a day, has a unique therapeutic effect on patients with hypertension. At the same time, acacia flowers have the effect of constricting blood vessels and stopping bleeding.
Shou Wu tea: Shou Wu has the effect of lowering blood lipids and reducing the formation of thrombosis. Increased blood lipids, often drink Shou Wu tea is very effective. Its preparation method is to take 20-30 grams of the system Shou Wu, add water and decoction for 30 minutes, to be cooled as tea, a daily dose.
Pueraria Mirifica tea: Pueraria Mirifica has the effect of improving blood circulation in the brain, and has a good effect on relieving headaches, dizziness, tinnitus and back pain caused by high blood pressure. Regular consumption of Pueraria Mirifica tea has obvious curative effect on the treatment of hypertension, its preparation is to wash and cut Pueraria Mirifica into thin slices, 30 grams per day, add water and boil and drink as tea.
Lotus heart tea: the so-called lotus heart is the middle of the lotus seeds green germ, its taste is extremely bitter, but has excellent antihypertensive effect on fat. With 12 grams of lotus heart, boiling water brewing offspring tea, drink once a day in the morning and evening, in addition to lowering blood pressure, there are heat, tranquilizing, cardiac effects.
Cassia seeds tea: Chinese medicine cassia seeds has the effect of lowering blood pressure, lowering blood lipids, clearing the liver and eyes. Regular consumption of cassia seed tea has the special effect of treating hypertension. Several times a day with 15-20 grams of cassia seeds in water for tea, is the treatment of hypertension, dizziness, blurred vision of the wonderful product.
Mulberry tea: the Chinese herb mulberry for the kidneys and blood tonic agent. Chinese medicine clinical evidence shows that the use of mulberry decoction as tea, the treatment of hypertension has obvious auxiliary effect. Mulberry tea is made by taking 15 grams of dried mulberry, decocted for 15 minutes and then drink once a day in the morning and once in the evening.
Corn beard tea: Corn beard not only has a very good effect of lowering blood pressure, but also has antidiarrheal, hemostatic, diuretic and stomachic healing. Make tea several times a day, 25-30 grams each time. In the clinical application of corn beard treatment due to nephritis caused by swelling and hypertension is particularly effective.
Food therapy for hypertension
1.Hawthorn porridge
Ingredients] Hawthorn 30-40 grams of round-grained rice 100 grams of sugar 10 grams.
Production】First decoct the hawthorn into a casserole to get the thick juice, remove the dregs, then add round-grained rice and sugar to cook the porridge.
Usage】Can be taken as a snack between meals, should not be eaten on an empty stomach, to 7 to 10 days as a course of treatment.
Efficacy】Strengthens the spleen and stomach, eliminates food stagnation and disperses blood stasis. It is suitable for hypertension, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, hyperlipidemia and food stagnation, abdominal pain, diarrhea, children with lactation.
2.Peach kernel porridge
Ingredients] 10-15 grams of peach kernel 50-100 grams of round-grained rice.
【Production】 First pound the peach kernel like mud, add water to research juice to remove the dregs, with japonica rice cooked into a thin porridge.
Usage】Once a day, 5-7 days as a course of treatment.
Efficacy】Relaxing blood circulation, dispelling phlegm and relieving pain. It is suitable for hypertension, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, etc.
The dosage should not be too large; pregnant women and those with thin stools should not take it.
3.Carrot porridge
Ingredients] Fresh carrots and japonica rice.
The carrots are cleaned and chopped, put them into the pot with the japonica rice, add water, and cook until the rice is thickened.
Usage】Eat warm for breakfast and dinner. This porridge is sweet and perishable, so it should be cooked and eaten now, and should not be cooked for a long time.
Efficacy】Strengthening the spleen and stomach, lowering gas and stagnation, brightening the eyes, lowering blood pressure and diuretic. Suitable for high blood pressure and indigestion, prolonged dysentery, night blindness, pediatric chondrosis, malnutrition, etc.
4.Corn cake
Ingredients】450g of new corn flour, 200g of brown sugar, 4g of edible alkali, 15g of cooked lard, 50g of fermented flour.
【Production】 Mix the baking powder and corn flour with the right amount of water to form a dough and then ferment, after fermentation, add the other ingredients mentioned above and knead evenly, then cover with a wet cloth and molasses for an hour. Then repeatedly knead the molten dough, put the whole piece into the steamer and steam for about 25 minutes over high heat. Remove from the cage slightly cooled and cut into pieces or diamond-shaped knife can be eaten at will.
【Function】Tune the appetite, suitable for high blood pressure, hemoptysis and other diseases.
5, sago (kiwi) porridge
Ingredients] 100 grams of sago, 200 grams of kiwi, 100 grams of sugar.
【Production】 Wash and soak the rice for 30 minutes to drain, kiwi peeled and cut into bean-sized dice with a knife; boil and pour in the rice, boil the water and then change to medium heat will be the other ingredients into the pot, a little cooking is done.
【Function】 nourish and strengthen the body, quench heat and thirst, suitable for hypertension, hepatitis and other diseases of the middle-aged and elderly.
6, lotus root hidden peanuts
Ingredients】1 kg of lotus root, 200 to 300 grams of peanut rice, and some sugar.
【Production】 cut in one end of the lotus root filled with peanut rice, filled with the lotus root cut in the cut and fixed with bamboo skewers, put into a pot with cold water submerged, cooked over medium heat for 2 hours until the lotus root is crisp and cooked, then squeeze the juice 2 bowls, eat with a knife cut into thick slices, 2 times a day is appropriate to eat with sugar.
Function】Tonic spleen and lung, stop bleeding and resolve phlegm, hypertension, cardiovascular disease is suitable for food.
Diet for hypertensive patients
1.Three meals
Dietary arrangements should be a small number of meals, avoid overfull; hypertensive patients are often more obese, must eat low-calorie food, total calories should be controlled at about 8, 36 MJ per day, 150-250 grams of staple foods per day, animal protein and vegetable protein accounted for 50% each. Patients with hypertension not accompanied by kidney disease or gout disease can eat more soybeans, peanuts, black or white fungus and fruits. Dinner should be small and light, excessive greasy food can induce a stroke. The edible oil should be vegetarian oil containing vitamin E and linoleic acid; do not eat sweet food. Eat more high-fiber foods, such as bamboo shoots, bok choy, cabbage, winter melon, tomatoes, eggplant, bean sprouts, jellyfish, kelp, onions, etc., as well as small amounts of fish, shrimp, poultry, skim milk powder, egg whites, etc.
2.Low salt
The amount of salt eaten per person per day should be strictly controlled at 2-5 grams, or about one tsp. The amount of salt should also be minus the sodium contained in soy sauce for cooking, 3 ml of soy sauce is equivalent to 1 gram of salt. Salted (sauce) vegetables, curd, salted meat (eggs), pickled products, clams and shellfish, shrimp, eggs, as well as coronary vegetables, grass head, hollow vegetables and other vegetables are high in sodium, should be eaten as little as possible or not.
3, high potassium
Potassium-rich food into the body can counteract sodium-induced pressure and vascular damage, can often “appear” in the recipe. Such foods include beans, mushrooms, black dates, almonds, walnuts, peanuts, potatoes, bamboo shoots, lean meat, fish, poultry, root vegetables such as amaranth, rape and onions, fruits such as bananas, dates, peaches, oranges, etc. Fish regardless of what kind of hypertension patients, fish is preferred because epidemiological surveys have found that eating fish once a week than those who do not eat fish, the mortality rate of heart disease is significantly lower.
5, fruits and vegetables
Every day the body needs B vitamins, vitamin C, can be met by eating more fresh vegetables and fruits. Some people advocate that 1-2 apples a day, beneficial to health, fruits can also supplement calcium, potassium, iron, magnesium, etc.
6, calcium supplementation
Some people let hypertensive patients take 1 gram of calcium a day, 8 weeks later found that blood pressure dropped. So should eat more calcium-rich foods, such as soybeans, sunflower seeds, walnuts, milk, peanuts, fish and shrimp, red dates, fresh peas, garlic, purple cabbage, etc.
7, iron supplementation
Studies have found that elderly patients with hypertension have lower than normal plasma iron, so eat more peas, fungus and other iron-rich foods, not only can lower blood pressure, but also prevent anemia in the elderly
8, drink water
Natural mineral water contains lithium, strontium, zinc, selenium, iodine and other essential trace elements, boiled water due to precipitation, the human body beneficial calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, etc. will be significantly reduced, so it is appropriate to drink drinking water that meets the standard raw. Tea contains tea polyphenols, and the content in green tea is higher than black tea, it can prevent the oxidation of vitamin C, which helps the use of vitamin C in the body, and can exclude harmful chromium ions. It also contains trace elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and fluorine. Therefore, brewing with 4-6 grams of tea (equivalent to 2-3 cups of bagged tea) every day and taking it for a long time is beneficial to the body.
The above dietary principles, hypertensive patients who can be put into practice, persistent, will be beneficial to health.
Nine, scientific diet control blood pressure stable
Although primary hypertension can not be cured, but it can be effectively controlled. A proper diet structure can help keep blood pressure stable. A proper diet is a high-fiber, low-salt and low-fat diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables and grains.
First of all, you can use non-salt condiments to increase the taste of food and eat less processed foods, which contain more sodium.
Secondly some beverages such as colas contain caffeine that can raise blood pressure over a period of time, while drinking a small amount of red wine every day, such as a glass a day can lower blood pressure, but excessive alcohol consumption can aggravate hypertensive disorders.
In addition, researchers have found that vitamins and trace elements also help lower blood pressure. It is recommended that you eat plenty of fresh vegetables and fruits, such as bananas, which contain potassium to help lower blood pressure. It has also been shown that a daily intake of 800 mg of calcium and 300 mg of magnesium is beneficial in the treatment of hypertension, and a variety of vegetable seeds, nuts, soybeans, peas and dark vegetables are rich in calcium and magnesium.