Mr. Yan was diagnosed with “tuberculosis” last year after a small nodule was found in his right upper lung when he had a cough taken at a local hospital. After half a year of anti-tuberculosis treatment, his coughing symptoms did not improve significantly, and he developed a bloody sputum. Recently, he had to be hospitalized due to the aggravation of symptoms and was finally diagnosed with advanced lung cancer after CT examination. Those like Mr. Yan belong to the group of people with highly suspicious lung cancer. There are four types of people who should not take it lightly when small shadows or nodules in the lungs are found during physical examinations, but should receive formal further examinations: 1. are long-term smokers, with more than 20 years of smoking age, more than 20 cigarettes per day, or have family members who are passive smokers; 2. are over 40 years of age, with symptoms such as chest pain, cough, unexplained blood in sputum, weight loss, etc.; 3. have 3.People with family history of tumor, especially lung cancer; or people with history of tumor or chemotherapy or radiotherapy; 4.People with nodule size of 1 cm or more, with burr-like, lobulated or hairy glass-like changes. Treatment: Nodules less than 1 cm in diameter can be removed under thoracoscopy Small lung nodules diagnosed as early stage lung cancer can have a 5-year survival rate of more than 80% after surgery, while the 5-year survival rate of progressive lung cancer that can be operated is often only about 30%, so the diagnosis of early stage small nodules is of great significance in the early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. What should be done for suspected small lung nodules? Three main clinical methods are used: surgery, needle aspiration biopsy and close observation. Chen Gang said that in the past, the treatment of small nodules, in addition to constant follow-up review, usually took open-heart surgery, but often the incision was large and traumatic, which was not conducive to patient recovery, while thoracoscopic surgery could achieve diagnosis and treatment in one, but it was often difficult to locate and find small nodules during surgery because they were too small or too far from the lung surface. Nowadays, for patients with small nodules that are too small or whose nodule locations are difficult to find, a locating device or dye such as a traction hook can be used to locate and label the small nodules on the lung surface before surgery, so that they can be found accurately and quickly during surgery. A biopsy is performed during surgery to characterize them, and once the diagnosis of lung cancer is confirmed, a full lumpectomy and systematic lymph node dissection are immediately performed with more optimal results. If the nodule is less than 1 cm in diameter, minimally invasive localization techniques and thoracoscopic surgery can be used to make the correct diagnosis and treatment of small lung nodules in a timely manner and avoid unnecessary repeat examinations for patients.