More than a decade ago, few non-medical oncology specialties were willing to admit cancer patients requiring chemotherapy, and the main conflict at that time was that it was very difficult to hospitalize patients. Nowadays, on the contrary, many non-oncology specialties and even institutions with no conditions at all are competing to provide drug treatment including chemotherapy. Although the incidence of cancer is increasing, many local oncology hospitals or medical oncology departments have unused beds. Insufficient Government Input According to the report of the Institute of Health Economics of the Ministry of Health, in 2000, the total cost of health in China amounted to 467.4 billion yuan, and the government’s expenditure on health amounted to 70.95 billion yuan, which only accounted for 14.9% of the total cost of health. Under the situation of serious lack of national investment and rising medical costs, hospitals at all levels can only maintain their survival by generating income, and it is the natural choice of hospitals to break down the bed utilization rate and income targets to each department, which forces them to admit and treat patients who are somewhat or completely unrelated to them. Oncology involves many specialties Neurosurgery, thoracic surgery, general surgery, urology, gynecology, orofacial surgery and oral and maxillofacial surgery in large and medium-sized hospitals are the main or half of the surgeries to be carried out for oncology. They think that it is not difficult to find a few protocols in textbooks or magazines to give patients preoperative or postoperative chemotherapy and cope with it. Patients are reluctant to go to the medical oncology department for chemotherapy There is still a market for cancer-fearful thinking. It is true that some family members are aware of the necessity of chemotherapy, but in order to hide their condition from the patient, they prefer to have chemotherapy in a non-oncology specialty. The popularization of oncology specialty is not enough The construction of complete oncology specialty requires large investment, and most county hospitals do not have such conditions, and if patients do not have the financial ability to go to big cities to receive specialized treatment, they can only be served by non-specialized physicians in these places. The treatment effect of medical oncology is still unsatisfactory It is still unrealistic to cure cancer that has recurred or metastasized, even in the medical oncology department. This has led some non-specialized physicians and patients to believe that it cannot be cured anyway and that it is the same everywhere (which is not the case). Changes in the disease spectrum and the development of disciplines have led to the transformation of specialties The decline in the incidence of infectious diseases and tuberculosis has caused infectious diseases and respiratory medicine to shift their focus partially to liver and lung cancer; the development of interventional techniques has given radiologists an outlet for interventional chemotherapy; and anesthesiology departments have found a reason to admit cancer patients because of analgesic treatments. Driven by Hidden Economic Benefits It is an unspoken fact that the more mediocre or questionable the efficacy, the more powerful the promotional behavior of the drug companies. Medical oncologists usually have a deeper understanding of the indications and efficacy of chemotherapy and biologic therapy and are generally less likely to be motivated by hidden financial interests. As a result, drugmakers have shifted their focus to physicians in other non-medical oncology specialties. The enthusiasm of non-oncology physicians for medical oncology treatment has a profound social and economic background, and such phenomena are not unique to the oncology sector, and need to be seriously analyzed and resolved by the relevant government departments. At present, in order to ensure that patients receive reasonable treatment, it should at least be stipulated that non-medical oncologists who wish to administer oncology drugs must pass the national qualification examinations at different levels to prove that they have the appropriate level of competence, or else they should be subject to the necessary penalties. As for institutions and individuals who are not qualified at all to engage in medical oncology treatment, they should of course be regarded as practising medicine illegally.