What causes coronary heart disease

  Heart disease is caused by narrowing of the lumen of the coronary arteries that supply the heart itself due to the formation of atheromatous plaque in the walls of the coronary arteries. The clinical symptoms vary depending on the number of branches and degree of coronary artery stenosis.  The cause of this disease is not yet fully understood, but it is thought to be related to hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperviscosity, diabetes mellitus, low endocrine function and old age.  1, age and gender: the incidence of coronary heart disease increases after 40 years of age, the incidence of pre-menopausal women is lower than that of men, and after menopause is equal to that of men.  2, hyperlipidemia: In addition to age, disorders of lipid metabolism are the most important predictors of coronary heart disease. There is a close relationship between total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) levels and the risk of coronary heart disease events. each 1% increase in LDLC level increases the risk of coronary heart disease by 2-3%. Triglyceride (TG) is an independent predictor of coronary heart disease, often accompanied by low HDLC and abnormal glucose tolerance, the latter two are also risk factors for coronary heart disease.  3, hypertension: hypertension is closely related to the formation and development of coronary atherosclerosis. Systolic blood pressure is a better predictor of coronary events than diastolic blood pressure. 140-149 mmhg systolic blood pressure increases the risk of coronary death more than 90-94 mmhg diastolic blood pressure.  4, smoking: smoking is an important risk factor for coronary heart disease and is the single most avoidable cause of death. There is a clear dose-response relationship between coronary heart disease and smoking.  5, diabetes: coronary heart disease is the primary cause of death in underage diabetic patients, coronary heart disease accounts for nearly 80% of all causes of death and hospitalization in diabetic patients.  6, obesity: has been identified as the primary risk factor for coronary heart disease, can increase the mortality rate of coronary heart disease. Obesity is defined as body mass index (BMI = weight (kg) / height squared (m2)) in men >= 27.8, women >= 27.3. BMI is positively correlated with increased TC, TG, and decreased HDL-C.  7, sedentary lifestyle: the risk of coronary heart disease and death will be doubled in people who do not like exercise.  8, there are also genetic, alcohol consumption, environmental factors, etc.