Currently, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing year by year, especially in economically developed regions, such as Shanghai and Beijing, where breast cancer has become the number one killer of women’s health. Breast cancer is a typical comprehensive treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy. However, among all the treatments, surgery is the most crucial, and a good surgical treatment is half of the success. For a long time, domestic surgical treatment is still mainly treatment surgery, which removes the whole breast including part of the chest muscles, resulting in serious deformation of the breast after surgery, which seriously affects women’s quality of life and satisfaction after treatment. Coupled with the current low age of breast cancer, many patients have to return to society and work after treatment, so it is very important for patients to build up self-confidence in their own image after surgery. As the name implies, breast-conserving surgery, which involves removing part of the breast and preserving most of it, together with the removal of axillary lymph nodes and postoperative radiotherapy, can achieve the same effect as radical breast surgery and also preserve the shape of the breast, which greatly increases the quality of life and satisfaction of patients after surgery. This surgical procedure has become the first choice for most patients. At present, in European countries with advanced medical level, such as Germany, the rate of breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer has reached 70%. In China, more and more hospitals are carrying out breast-conserving surgery, but it has not yet become the mainstream of breast cancer treatment, even in the advanced medical area of Shanghai, most of the hospitals that can carry out this program have a breast-conserving surgery rate of less than 10%. Of course, this has to do with many factors, including the condition of the lump not meeting the requirements of breast-conserving surgery, the conservative and old-fashioned philosophy of patients who cannot accept breast-conserving surgery, and the surgical skills and experience of the surgeon. Breast-conserving surgery has evolved over the past 20 to 30 years, and its surgical approach has been continuously improved. Currently, an internationally advanced and increasingly adopted technique by breast surgeons is called oncoplastic surgery, which means that the procedure follows the oncologic requirements of oncologic surgery for tumor-free surgery and combines the requirements of plastic surgery for postoperative breast shape. The principle of oncoplastic surgery is to remove as much of the tumor and the surrounding normal tissues as possible, including the skin on the surface of the tumor, and to ensure that the borders of the removed breast are free of cancer cells; the principle of plastic surgery is to use the preserved soft tissues of the breast to do the corresponding flap shaping and transfer, and finally plasticize to ensure that the breast on the operated side is symmetrical with the breast on the opposite side as much as possible to produce a better result. The technique of Oncoplastic surgery requires the surgeon to design different incisions and flaps according to the size and location of the lump in order to restore the patient’s breast shape in the most realistic way, but it is different from the purely plastic technique, which can be mastered by experienced breast surgeons, and it is less invasive and has better postoperative results. It has been highly praised by international breast surgeons for its ability to preserve the shape and symmetry of the breast. Breast cancer is not a scary disease and can be treated with the current level of treatment. However, it is crucial to choose the right and good surgical procedure, because it is important to ensure a tumor-free survival after surgery, and it is even more important to maintain a normal shape and physique. After all, treatment is only for a period of time in life, while living with dignity is a lifetime affair.