HPV16 infection does not necessarily lead to lesions and needs to be judged by a combination of factors such as the individual’s physical condition, HPV viral load, duration of infection, and lesions of the cervix. Under normal circumstances, the time to develop cervical cancer with persistent HPV16 infection is usually 5-20 years. If the body’s immunity is high and the local immune environment of the cervix is normal, usually more than 90% of patients will naturally turn negative within 2 years without causing lesions of the cervix. If HPV16 infection persists for more than 2 years and the viral load is relatively high, the local environment of the cervix is poor, and it may develop into cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, precancerous lesions, or even cervical cancer. Therefore, after HPV infection is found, cervical cytology or pathology should be done as soon as possible to clarify the presence of cervical lesions. If there is no lesion in the cervix, regular TCT and HPV examinations are needed to monitor the disease progression. Generally speaking, transient infection of HPV virus does not lead to cervical lesions, and cervical cancer can be prevented with active examination and treatment.