1.What is cirrhosis Cirrhosis is the end stage of various chronic liver diseases, characterized by extensive fibrosis of the liver and destruction of lobular structures with pseudobullet formation, with hepatocellular dysfunction and portal hypertension as its main clinical manifestations. Cirrhosis is still relatively insidious in the compensated phase, so a timely and accurate clinical diagnosis is needed to draw the attention of patients and to assess the reserve function of the liver, monitor the occurrence of complications, and predict the eventual clinical regression of patients. 2, causes of cirrhosis There are many causes of cirrhosis, which can be divided into viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver, autoimmune liver disease, drug-related liver injury, etc. In China, viral hepatitis is the main factor causing cirrhosis, and fatty liver should be given special attention. 3, clinical manifestations of cirrhosis 3.1 compensated stage (generally of Child-Pugh A grade) can have clinical manifestations of hepatitis, but also insidious onset. There are mild weakness, abdominal distension, mild enlargement of liver and spleen, mild jaundice, liver palm and spider nevus. 3.2 Decompensated stage (generally Child-Pugh grade B and C) with liver function impairment and portal hypertension syndrome. (1) Systemic symptoms Weakness, wasting, dull face, low urine, lower limb edema. (2) Gastrointestinal symptoms Loss of appetite, abdominal distension, gastrointestinal dysfunction, etc. (3) Bleeding tendency and anemia Gingival bleeding, epistaxis, purpura, anemia. (4) Endocrine disorders Spider nevus, liver palm, skin pigmentation, menstrual disorders in women, gynecomastia. (5) Hypoproteinemia Bilateral lower limb edema, oliguria, peritoneal effusion. (6) Portal hypertension ascites, hypersplenism, establishment of portal collateral circulation, esophagogastric fundic varices.