Q1: Is bladder cancer common?
Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system, and the incidence of bladder cancer in foreign countries ranks second only to prostate cancer among male genitourinary tumors; in China, it ranks first and has been increasing in recent years.
Q2: What are the high-risk groups of bladder cancer?
①Men over 50 years old; ②Long-term smokers; ③Occupational workers with long-term exposure to carcinogenic substances (such as dyes, leather, rubber, paint, etc.); ④People with bladder stones and long-term history of indwelling catheterization.
Q3: What are the symptoms of bladder cancer? What kind of methods can be used to detect it?
A: The earliest symptom of bladder cancer is often the hematuria produced by tumor rupture. Once there is hematuria, especially in people over 50 years old, it needs to be paid high attention.
The main reason that causes patients to delay treatment of bladder cancer is that the symptoms are painless and there is no other discomfort, and this bleeding is often self-limiting. Patients may not urinate hematuria once or twice, and sometimes even the second hematuria occurs only after several months or years, which is often not taken seriously, thinking that it is nothing special to urinate blood once, and they only go to the hospital when they constantly urinate blood, which is often in the middle and late stages.
Besides, detecting bladder cancer can also be done by checking whether there are red blood cells in urine; it can also be done by some special ones, such as looking at whether there are shed cancer cells in urine, if shed cancer cells are found in urine, it can also diagnose bladder cancer. However, the test of urine shedding cancer cells is usually some targeted tests. For example, those who are at high risk, or those who have hematuria, because the detection rate of urine shedding cancer cells is not very high for early bladder cancer. Bladder tumors can also be detected through ultrasound, CT and other examinations. Of course, the main thing is to diagnose bladder cancer through cystoscopy and tumor tissue biopsy.
Q4: How should bladder cancer patients be treated?
A: For bladder cancer detected in early stage, usually the whole bladder does not need to be removed, it can be treated by electrodesection, electrocautery or laser, and most of the bladder can be preserved. However, for those advanced bladder cancer, most of them need to remove the whole bladder. After removing the bladder, some patients will change the urination channel to other channels, which may cause some inconvenience in life.
Q5: How high is the success rate of bladder cancer surgery?
A: There are risks in any surgery, but in well-equipped urology centers, the risks, mortality rate and complications after surgery for bladder cancer have been well controlled. The mortality rate of bladder cancer surgery is less than 1%, and complications may cause some bleeding or infection, which are the same risks of ordinary surgery. Therefore, patients and patients’ families should treat these problems correctly. Some complications are related to the disease and some are related to the special conditions of the human body.
Q6: After bladder cancer surgery, if there is no recurrence within two years, does it mean there will be no recurrence?
A: Recurrence of bladder cancer after surgery usually occurs within two years, but it does not mean that it will not recur after two years. Once you have bladder cancer, even if there is no recurrence, you should go to the hospital at least once a year after two or three years for a medical checkup. If the problem can be detected early, the organ can still be preserved.
Q7: Where will bladder cancer metastases to first?
A: The most common type of bladder cancer is metastatic cell carcinoma of the bladder, which is now called uroepithelial carcinoma of the bladder. The main characteristic of this type of cancer is that it is easy to recur, and metastasis usually occurs late. Metastasis.