The therapeutic mechanism of vertebroplasty is the injection of coagulating materials, such as bone cement, into the diseased areas of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae to alleviate pain and enhance the stability of the vertebrae. 1. Role in early treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures Osteoporosis is a disease that occurs easily in middle-aged and elderly people, especially in middle-aged and elderly women. According to statistics, about 54% of menopausal women have abnormal bone density, and the risk of vertebral fracture in women over 50 years old is about 32%, which is a cause of death in the elderly that cannot be underestimated. In recent years, percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) has been widely used in clinical practice, and the pain-relieving mechanism of PVP is not fully understood. The hardened bone cement increases the strength and stiffness of the vertebral body, resulting in increased support of the vertebral body; the heat generated during cement polymerization destroys the nociceptive nerve endings and dulls the pain sensation. Most patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures can result in dysfunctional pain that lasts for months, leaving the patient incapacitated and unable to exercise, while prolonged bed rest puts elderly patients at greater risk of complications. Therefore, early application of PVP for compression fractures due to osteoporosis can restore spinal stability, eliminate or reduce local pain symptoms, shorten treatment time, and enable patients to move early, which can avoid surgical trauma or bed-ridden complications and improve quality of life. 2, the significance of vertebroplasty on the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture The application of short segmental arch internal fixation system for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture has been common in clinical practice, but the failure of postoperative internal fixation and the loss of correction has attracted attention. In a burst fracture, due to the rapid loading speed of sudden violence and increased disc stiffness, the end plate is fractured, the nucleus pulposus and broken end plate are squeezed into the vertebral body, and the trabecular scaffold structure in the vertebral body is crushed and destroyed; after the vertebral body is braced and reset by posterior surgery, although the height of the vertebral body is restored on X-ray, the nucleus pulposus and broken end plate as well as the crushed and destroyed trabeculae are not completely reset, resulting in a void in the vertebral body. Vertebroplasty with intravertebral injection of cement and other solidifying materials can immediately increase the strength and stability of the vertebral body.