Surgery has long been the most effective way to treat severe ulcerative colitis. Traditionally, the indications for surgery in ulcerative colitis are limited to toxic megacolon, colon perforation, cancer and other conditions, but in fact, these indications are already advanced and severe complications of ulcerative colitis, and the surgical effect is not good, and most patients with such complications have already developed systemic organ failure and can no longer tolerate surgery, and finally have to give up treatment. Therefore, more and more scholars at home and abroad recommend expanding the indications for surgery in ulcerative colitis, and for patients with a clear diagnosis who have been treated with strict medical therapy that is ineffective or not significant, as well as patients with obvious side effects of hormonal therapy, it is recommended to adopt a direct surgical treatment plan. 2014 data from the American Digestive Disease Week showed that the overall efficiency of surgical procedures for ulcerative colitis exceeds 95%. Surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis consists of 5 basic procedures: 1. rectal colectomy and traditional ileostomy 2.Total colectomy or subtotal colectomy with preservation of the rectum and ileorectal anastomosis. 3.Total colectomy with ileo-anal anastomosis. 4.Colorectal resection and ileostomy with storage pouch. 5.Total proctocolectomy with ileal storage pouch anastomosis. The choice of specific surgery should be analyzed on a case-by-case basis, for example, total colectomy and ileostomy is suitable for patients with poor nutritional status or long-term use of hormones and poor healing ability of emergency surgery patients; the surgical approach of retaining partial rectal anastomosis has the risk of residual rectal continued lesions, and direct anastomosis between ileum and rectum, more postoperative stools and poor quality of life; while total colectomy; ileal storage bag-anal tube This surgery removes all the lesions of the colon and rectum, avoiding the serious complications of colon perforation and cancer, and the serious side effects of long-term medication, and minimizes the occurrence of postoperative diarrhea by using the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis, which cures the disease and maximizes the patient’s quality of life. We also use ileal storage pouch and anal canal anastomosis to minimize the occurrence of postoperative diarrhea, to cure the disease while maximizing the patient’s quality of life, and to bring hope of cure to the majority of ulcerative colitis patients.