Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation is now being performed more widely, including improvements in the technique itself and in the ablation procedure resulting in increased success rates and fewer complications. Head-to-head studies of catheter ablation with antiarrhythmic drugs and controlled clinical studies of catheters and antiarrhythmic drugs together versus antiarrhythmic drugs alone have demonstrated the superiority of catheter ablation in increasing suppression or cure of AF in both paroxysmal and persistent or chronic AF. The selection of indications for AF ablation continues to follow the 2006 guidelines for the treatment of AF in patients with “at least one antiarrhythmic drug that has failed or is intolerant to ablation.” Atrial fibrillation ablation therapy can be considered as the first choice for patients with the following two conditions: l. Atrial fibrillation storms that are considered to be caused by focal atrial fibrillation, with limited radiofrequency ablation effects on the atria; 2. Patients who are contraindicated to antiarrhythmic drugs, or who have a combination of heart failure or coronary artery disease that limits the use of antiarrhythmic drugs. In atrial fibrillation, especially chronic atrial fibrillation, there is diffuse fibrosis of the atrial muscle and reduced voltage in the left atrium. These changes are indicative of severe atrial fibrillation and a poor prognosis. According to foreign reports, the application of three-dimensional delayed enhancement MRI can detect abnormal atrial tissue and help increase the success rate of radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation and improve the prognosis of patients with atrial fibrillation. There are still many issues that need to be addressed, such as the long-term prognosis of AF ablation and the impact of AF ablation on stroke, heart failure, and mortality, which remain unclear. In addition to the above key points, there are other more specific circumstances that need to be considered when choosing RF ablation for atrial fibrillation.