The etiology of infantile eczema is not fully understood. The consensus of most clinicians is that the disease occurs in infants and children with atopic dermatitis for close to three reasons, mainly related to genetic factors, immune factors and environmental factors. Genetic factors are thought to be the main cause of eczema in infants, and studies have shown that the incidence of atopic dermatitis in children of one parent can be more than 25% within 3 months of birth and more than 50% within 2 years of age, and if both parents have a history of the disease, the incidence in their next generation can be as high as 79%; twins with one child suffering from eczema often have the other. Immune factors are also considered to be important factors in the occurrence of eczema in infants, due to the infant’s constitution, infants with low immunity can not resist the stimulation of the external environment, often prone to allergic reactions and lead to the occurrence of eczema. Environmental factors mainly refer to the living environment, including the infant’s diet (milk, eggs, fish and shrimp, beef and mutton and other food components of foreign protein, food additives, preservatives, preservatives, beverages, etc. can be used as allergens and cause eczema), climate change (pollen in the surrounding environment is an important allergen), indoor environment (generally dust mites are also an important cause of allergic reactions), clothing and bedding, as well as toiletries, etc. The onset of eczema can also be stimulated by the environment. The prognosis for infantile eczema is mostly good. However, infantile eczema is often an early manifestation of allergic (allergic) disease in children, and the cause may be a combination of genetic and environmental factors and immune factors.