The refractive state of the two eyes that do not agree is called refractive aberration. The difference in refractive power between the two eyes is called pathologic refractive error if the refractive error is ≥1.50D in the spherical lens and ≥1D in the column lens. During the critical period of children’s visual development, if the refractive aberration of both eyes is large, the higher eye is easily suppressed and forms perceptual amblyopia, and the amblyopic eye may form perceptual exotropia due to the inability to gaze. Children with refractive error should have their refractive errors optically corrected to maintain monocular function in both eyes. In particular, children with simple refractive aberrations need to be corrected with long-term glasses. For high refractive error over 2.5D, new correction methods need to be sought because the image difference between the retinas of both eyes is more than 5%, glasses are not easily tolerated, and treatment compliance is poor. For these children with refractive aberrations that are intolerable with glasses, corneal laser surgery is feasible to maintain or promote the establishment of binocular monovision and prevent secondary amblyopia and strabismus. In the past two years, we have successfully performed many cases of corneal laser surgery for children with refractive error. Recently, we successfully performed femtosecond Lasik surgery on one 8-year-old and one 11-year-old child with hyperopic refractive error combined with amblyopia, so that amblyopia can be actively treated without glasses to restore visual acuity and binocular monovision in the amblyopic eye as soon as possible and to prevent the occurrence of perceptual strabismus.