At present, malignant tumor is the disease with the highest death rate in China, among which digestive tract tumor accounts for about 50% of malignant tumor. The common GI malignant tumors are mainly esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer, among which gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and liver cancer have a high incidence in China. These gastrointestinal tumors seriously affect people’s life health, and because these tumors do not have special symptoms in early stage, they are easily ignored and delay the timing and effect of early treatment. Therefore early detection is crucial for patients with GI tumors. Knowing some early signs that suggest GI tumors is important for early examination and detection. If digestive tract tumors can be detected early, but most of the domestic digestive tract tumors are nearly advanced when diagnosed, losing the chance to save treatment, bringing great losses to families and individuals and seriously affecting people’s life and health. If early detection and early treatment are possible, the cure rate can be greatly improved and the mortality rate can be reduced, which is crucial to improve the quality of life of patients and prolong their lives. However, GI tumors often do not have special symptoms in the early stage, or the symptoms are mild, which often do not attract attention and delay the time of early treatment. Therefore, early detection is very important for GI tumors. What are the early symptoms of GI tumor? The main manifestations are changes in digestive function, which are not too obvious and can be easily ignored. These manifestations include: 1. Decreased appetite, indigestion, no appetite, reduced meal quantity, occasional nausea and vomiting, which can be relieved after taking medicine, but the symptoms recur within a short period of time. 2, abdominal distension, abdominal pain and discomfort, early tumor will not appear obvious abdominal pain, the pain is characterized by persistent hidden pain with inaccurate positioning, or only abdominal discomfort or abdominal distension. If there is obstruction of the intestinal tract due to tumor, the abdominal pain will increase or become paroxysmal colic. 3. Diarrhea or constipation, change in stool color, increase in the number of stools, sometimes darkened or tar-like stools, sometimes with fresh blood, pus or mucus. 4.Feeling of poor feeding and obstruction, especially after eating hard food. 5.Unexplained obvious wasting, due to changes in digestive function can cause a reduction in eating, in a very short period of time, there is a significant weight loss. 6.Feeling of weakness and shortness of breath, especially in the elderly. This is a symptom caused by anemia due to low nutrient absorption and long-term chronic blood loss in the digestive tract. These are the early signs of digestive tract tumor. When there are these manifestations, go to the hospital for relevant examinations in time to clarify the specific situation. What are the tests that need to be done? 1.For rectal tumor rectal finger examination is very important, do not belittle the doctor’s palpation, about 75% of rectal cancer tumor can be palpated through rectal finger examination. 2.Blood routine and fecal occult blood test. If there is anemia, the cause of the anemia should be traced, instead of treating the anemia in a sloppy manner. If the fecal occult blood is positive, it means there is bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, so we should continue to investigate the cause of the bleeding, especially in the elderly, and should not be taken lightly. 3. Tumor marker examination. Some gastrointestinal tumors may show positive tumor markers in early stage, which indicates the possibility of gastrointestinal tumors and needs to be investigated. The tumor markers are specific for different tumors, such as AFP for liver cancer, CEA for colorectal cancer, and CA199 for pancreatic cancer, but not elevated tumor markers mean tumor. If the tumor is not found, the tumor index should be reviewed for long-term follow-up. 4.Gastrointestinal tract imaging to understand the condition of digestive tract, including upper and lower gastrointestinal tract imaging. It is necessary to choose the examination under the guidance of doctors. 5.Electron gastroscopy and colonoscopy. These examinations can directly observe changes in the mucosa of the esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum, and find suspicious lesions, and biopsy pathology can also be performed to clarify the diagnosis. Many people think that the examination is painful, but with the development of technology, ultra-fine electronic gastroscopy, and painless gastroscopy enteroscopy, can greatly reduce the pain. Therefore, early detection and early treatment are necessary so that there is a chance to eradicate the tumor and kill the disease in the cradle. What are the causes for the occurrence of malignant tumors? There are many factors for the occurrence of tumor, modern medicine found that there are genetic factors, various physical and chemical factors, biological factors as well as psychological factors. Therefore, to develop good habits in life can play a preventive role. Changing habits in life include: 1. Changing bad dietary habits: eliminating factors that may cause esophageal cancer and stomach cancer. Such as not eating cold and rough food, not eating too hard, too hot and too spicy food. The speed of eating should not be too fast, but chew and swallow slowly. Eating should be regular and quantitative, and avoid having a full meal. 2, avoid smoking and alcohol. “Smoking is bad for health” everyone knows. But most people believe that smoking can lead to lung cancer. In recent years, it has been found that smoking is also closely related to the occurrence of oral cancer, esophageal cancer and stomach cancer. Alcohol has a direct irritating and damaging effect on the esophagogastric mucosa and should not be ignored. Do not “have a drink today” “give up your life with the gentleman” “good man spirit” and “straight personality”. 3, improve food processing methods. Avoid eating foods with high nitrosamines content, try to eat less pickles, salted fish, cured meats, ham, sausage and other pickled, fumigated, fried food, because the production process of these foods will produce nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other carcinogenic substances. Do not eat moldy and rotten food, and eat more fresh vegetables and fruits. 4.Regularly review and treat related precancerous diseases. Such as oral diseases, esophagitis, esophageal white spots, gastric ulcer, atrophic gastritis, epithelial hyperplasia of gastric mucosa, gastric polyps, etc. Once polyps are diagnosed, it is best to treat them with minimally invasive surgery to avoid future problems. For colon cancer, people over 40 years old with any of the following manifestations should be classified as high-risk group: ① Class I relatives with history of colorectal cancer; ② History of cancer or history of intestinal adenoma or polyp; ③ Positive fecal occult blood test; ④ More than two of the following five manifestations: mucus and blood stool, chronic diarrhea, chronic constipation, history of chronic appendicitis and history of mental trauma. Colonoscopy, B-mode ultrasound and CT scan should be performed for this group of high-risk individuals or for suspected colon cancer. It is recommended that routine medical checkups be conducted once a year above the age of 40 to facilitate timely detection of hidden symptoms of tumor diseases. 5.Improve diet structure. European Cancer Prevention Organization and International Union of Nutritional Sciences also made the following recommendations: ① Reduce the intake of fatty foods (including animal oil and vegetable oil), replace meat with too much animal oil with fish, poultry, lean meat and low-fat dairy products, and replace fried foods with boiled and steamed foods. ②Increase the intake of green leafy and root vegetables and fruits. ③Eat more starchy and fiber-rich foods. ④Maintain an appropriate weight. ⑤The daily intake of salt is less than 5 grams. ⑥Eat more fresh food, less pickled and smoked food, and no moldy food. ⑦ Drink less alcoholic beverages. The nutritional composition of various foods is different. Diversification of food and rationalization of nutritional structure are conducive to the prevention of tumors.