With the aging of the population, the number of hip fractures in the elderly is increasing, making hip fractures the third most common killer of the elderly after cardiovascular diseases and tumors. Because of the increased brittleness of bones due to osteoporosis in the elderly, fractures can be caused by only minor trauma. Hip fractures in particular are the most common, and are most likely to have serious consequences. Studies predict that the world will face a hip fracture pandemic in the coming decades, and it is estimated that at least 6.3 million people will suffer from hip fractures in 2050, a figure more than three times the 1.7 million recorded in 1990. It seems that the prevention and treatment of geriatric hip fractures is a long way to go. First, the causes of hip fracture in the elderly to prevent fracture. First, from the aspect of bone quality in the elderly. Most commonly, primary osteoporosis leads to reduced bone mass, decreased bone strength and increased bone fragility in the elderly. Therefore, treatment of osteoporosis before fracture occurs can effectively prevent some hip fractures from occurring. In 1996, the WHO defined osteoporosis as a disease characterized by low bone mass, destruction of bone microstructure, increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by low bone mass, destruction of bone microarchitecture, resulting in increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. With the study of the etiology of primary osteoporosis, diagnosis and treatment at an early stage of primary osteoporosis can prevent the aggravation of osteoporosis and thus come to reduce the occurrence of fractures. Other causes of bone quality loss are secondary factors that are less prevalent in comparison. For example, malignant tumor bone metastasis leads to bone destruction, cardiovascular disease affects the elderly with reduced activity leading to osteoporosis, and hyperparathyroidism can lead to multiple bone destruction throughout the body. Only by actively treating the primary disease can we prevent fractures. Secondly, the elderly are prone to trauma. Due to the aging of the body functions, or combined with other underlying diseases such as hemiplegia and vertigo after cerebral infarction, or taking sedatives, hypoglycemic drugs, antihypertensive drugs and other side effects such as vertigo, hypoglycemia, hypotension, etc., are prone to cause falls in the elderly. Therefore, interventions applied to fall prevention will reduce hip fractures in the elderly. For example, for elderly people with declining walking function, improvement of home environment (installing handrails in stairs, bathrooms and bathrooms, avoiding slippery floors, avoiding messy and loose carpets, sufficient light, etc.) and the use of walkers can prevent falls; for patients with hemiplegia after cerebral infarction, strengthening limb function exercises and improving gait can improve walking stability; for elderly people with underlying diseases, family members need to take care of them regularly and do Regular medication and standardized treatment can reduce the occurrence of drug side effects. It is not only the responsibility of the family but also the responsibility of the society to prevent the elderly from falling, such as improving public facilities and making necessary public warning signs. Second, talk about the treatment from the characteristics of geriatric hip fracture. Geriatric hip fractures here mainly refer to intertrochanteric (inter-rotor) fractures and femoral neck fractures. These two fractures are the most common among the elderly, and they are the most likely to lose the ability to stand and walk after fracture, to have various complications after being bedridden, and to affect the quality of life and even shorten the survival period of the elderly. Moreover, elderly patients with hip fracture often have one or more underlying diseases (such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, etc.) and different degrees of osteoporosis, and are most likely to develop serious complications such as venous thrombosis, pulmonary infection, decubitus ulcer, urinary tract infection and incomplete intestinal obstruction after fracture. Therefore for fracture treatment must be individualized. However, the general principles and objectives are the same, i.e., while actively controlling the underlying disease, choosing a reasonable treatment to prevent complications, restore the original function and improve the quality of life. Geriatric femoral neck fractures tend to be younger than intertrochanteric fractures, so the chance of surgical treatment for femoral neck fractures is greater than that for intertrochanteric fractures. However, with the development of medical equipment and the improvement of surgical technical capabilities, successful surgical treatment of hip fractures in 100-year-old patients has been reported, so age is no longer a contraindication to surgical treatment. The prognosis of the two types of hip fractures varies greatly depending on their anatomical locations. Although intertrochanteric fractures are more extensive, they are mostly osteochondral and have a rich blood supply at the fracture end, so they can generally heal with satisfactory repositioning and proper fixation. However, due to the intracapsular fracture, the involved area is limited, with little osteophyte and thin or even no periosteum, and the blood supply to the femoral head is damaged or completely lost after the fracture, which can easily cause bone non-union and femoral head necrosis. Traditionally, the treatment methods for elderly hip fracture include lower limb traction or braking conservative treatment with “ding” shoes, these conservative treatment measures only have a certain effect on fixation of stable fractures, but it has been proved that these conservative treatment methods require long time bed rest and braking, with high complication rate, high failure rate and disability and death rate. Therefore, scholars at home and abroad tend to actively treat hip fractures with surgery. The current surgical treatment options include external fixation, internal fixation, and artificial joint replacement. First of all, the selection of different surgical fixation methods according to different fracture sites, fracture types, different ages and whether there is a combination of underlying medical diseases plays a very important role in the success or failure of the treatment of geriatric hip fractures. Secondly, the doctor’s knowledge of the fracture and the proficiency of the surgery will also be the main influencing factors for the success of the treatment.