The presence of anal muscle spasm requires prompt examination and symptomatic treatment at a hospital anorectal unit. Anal muscle spasm may be associated with high frequency abnormal electromyographic activity of the anal sphincter or anal raphe, and patients with irritable bowel syndrome may also develop anal spasm. There are also genetic disorders, such as hereditary internal sphincter myopathy. It may also occur in patients with excessive mental stress or anxiety. Anal muscle spasms can also occur in patients with conditions such as cauda equina sheath tumors and pelvic floor organ prolapse. It is important to keep the bowels open, not to have too much stress at work or school, to have a regular routine, and to develop good bowel habits.