Hyperthyroidism (referred to as hyperthyroidism) is a common disease with frequent occurrence in young and middle-aged people. The main manifestations are palpitations, tremors in the hands and feet, emaciation, excessive sweating, excessive food and hunger, fear of heat, insomnia, and protruding eyes. However, there are not many cases of hyperthyroidism that are suitable for surgery, and surgery is risky, traumatic, 1-2% may cause nerve damage, and the scar left on the neck after surgery also affects the beauty. In addition to surgery, the treatment of hyperthyroidism can also rely on medications such as tabazol, the efficacy of which has also been confirmed. However, patients must take the medication daily for 2 years, which is quite troublesome. Once the medication is discontinued, the efficacy will be reduced; at the same time, medication for hyperthyroidism usually relapses in 3-6 months, with a relapse rate of 50%; medication can also cause transient leukopenia in 30-40% of patients. The treatment of hyperthyroidism with 131 iodine has been recognized as the first choice in western countries and accepted by more and more clinicians in China. 131 iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism started in the 1950s and has been used in millions of cases worldwide and more than 200,000 cases in China over the past few decades. Clinical application shows that nuclear 131 iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism does not cause cancer, does not affect fertility, does not cause genetic diseases, and does not affect bone marrow hematopoietic function. Although it may cause hypothyroidism, this is not a unique side effect of nuclear therapy, as it occurs with surgery and medication, and its incidence is less than 5% within one year. The treatment of hyperthyroidism with 131 iodine is quite convenient, simple, and inexpensive, as patients usually only need to take it orally 1-2 times, and it takes 2-3 weeks to work, and most of them can be cured in 3-6 months. The recurrence rate is also much lower than other methods, less than 5%. However, this method is forbidden for pregnant and lactating women, and should be used with caution for those who have hyperthyroidism crisis, severe liver and kidney dysfunction, or are too young. In short, there is no need to be afraid of hyperthyroidism, and nuclear therapy is the best choice.