Most of the causes of femoral head necrosis can be found, and its etiology is diverse (about 60 kinds) and complex, making it difficult to classify it comprehensively and systematically, which is related to the unclear pathogenesis. Common pathogenic factors are as follows.
1, trauma leading to femoral head necrosis
Such as external impact caused by femoral neck fracture, dislocation, hip joint sprain and contusion. Trauma is the main factor causing femoral head necrosis. However, the occurrence and extent of ischemic necrosis of the femoral head due to trauma mainly depends on the degree of vascular destruction and the compensatory capacity of the collateral circulation.
2.Drugs cause femoral head necrosis
Such as long-term use of hormone drugs due to bronchitis, asthma, rheumatism, rheumatoid, neck, shoulder, back and leg pain, diabetes, skin disorders, etc. Due to the large amount or long-term use of hormones, resulting in the accumulation of hormones in the body and the onset of disease, which is an early statement. Recently, it is believed that the occurrence of femoral head necrosis is directly related to the type, dosage form and route of administration of hormones, and is not directly proportional to the total amount and duration of hormones. However, the long-term use of large amounts of hormones or excessive daily doses, dose increases and decreases suddenly is also one of the reasons for the occurrence of necrosis of the femoral head.
3, alcohol stimulation leads to femoral head necrosis
The accumulation of alcohol in the body due to long-term heavy drinking leads to the increase of blood lipids and damage to liver function. Elevated blood lipids, resulting in increased blood viscosity, blood flow slows down, so that blood coagulation changes, and therefore can make the blood vessels blocked, bleeding or fat embolism, resulting in osteonecrosis. Clinical manifestations are aggravated by alcohol, walking duck walk, heart failure, weakness, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, etc.
4, wind, cold, wet lead to femoral head necrosis
Clinical manifestations are hip joint pain, cold and dampness are very important, squatting difficulties.
5, liver and kidney deficiency leads to femoral head necrosis
The manifestations are general wasting, yellow face, impotence, dreaminess, seminal emission, weakness, etc.
6, osteonecrosis due to osteoporosis
Clinical manifestations are soreness and weakness of lower limbs, pain, inability to bear weight and easy to fracture.
7, flat hip leading to osteonecrosis
Clinical manifestations are walking duck step, short lower limbs, muscle atrophy, about 50 meters of pain gradually aggravated, functional limitations, etc.
8, abnormal bone marrow hyperplasia leading to osteonecrosis
The performance of the affected limb cold, sore, can not bear weight, easy to fracture, bone atrophy, etc.
9.Bone tuberculosis combined with osteonecrosis
The manifestation is positive nodule test, low fever in the afternoon, pain with a fixed place, wasting, night sweats, weakness, etc.
10.Osteonecrosis after surgery
In the clinical bone graft, vascular graft three years later, bone necrosis occurs due to insufficient blood supply.
11.Other
In addition, there are pneumatic, radiological and hematological diseases.
Among the above many factors, local trauma, abuse of hormonal drugs, excessive alcohol consumption caused by osteonecrosis of the femoral head is more common. The common core problem is the blood circulation disorder of femoral head caused by various reasons, which leads to ischemia, degeneration and necrosis of bone cells.