All normal cells have a process from new life to death. Controlled by DNA in the cell nucleus, different components of DNA control cell metabolism, proliferation, differentiation and death. If certain DNA (called oncogenes) is altered by endogenous and exogenous factors, the cells gain the ability to keep multiplying and dividing without dying, clinically forming tumors.
Endogenous factors are divided into genetic, endocrine, nutritional, mental and neurological factors.
External factors are divided into physical, chemical, biological and other factors.
Endogenous factors account for 30% of the development of tumor and exogenous factors account for 70%.
Factors related to the occurrence of cancer
I. Cancer related to life style
Cancer related to smoking
Additional factors
Oral cavity, upper gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract
Alcohol, malnutrition, tobacco chewing
Lung cancer
Stone lung, radiation, airborne
Pancreatic cancer
High-fat diet, heterocyclic amines
Kidney cancer, bladder cancer
High blood pressure
Cervical cancer
Human papillomavirus, malnutrition
Second, the correlation between lung cancer and smoking, the promotion and implementation of universal smoking cessation, significantly reduce the occurrence of lung cancer.
Third, the carcinogenic substances in tobacco and promote carcinogenic substances
1.Carcinogenic substances: aromatic hydrocarbons, benzo and dibenzanthracene in smoke
2.Heterocyclic
Both of them are genotoxic drugs
Fourth, the promotion of carcinogens: terpenoids and phenolic compounds, the more the number of smoking, the higher the probability of lung cancer.
V. Alcohol is an auxiliary carcinogen Smoking + drinking alcohol can induce the occurrence of oral and esophageal cancers.
Alcohol
Promotes the production of carcinogens
→ acetaldehyde → carcinogenic
Smoking and kidney and bladder cancer
Smoking metabolizes carcinogens → kidney → bladder → excretion
Can induce cancer (more likely to occur when drinking less water)
VII. Nutrition
Department
Sources of carcinogens
Promoter
Inhibitors
Source
Mechanism
Esophagus
Salted and pickled foods, wine
wine
Activated carcinogens
Yellow and green vegetables, tea
Stomach
Pickled and salted foods, nitrates
Salt, H. pylori
Atrophic gastritis
Yellow and green vegetables, tea
Liver
Moldy foods, nitrosamines, alkaloids, hepatitis B antigens
Hepatitis B antigen, alcohol
Cytotoxicity
Hepatitis B vaccine
Colon cancer
Deep-fried and smoked, food
Fat, alcohol
Bile acids, cytotoxicity
Wheat bran fiber, Ca, vegetables
Rectal cancer
Deep-fried, smoked foods
Fat, alcohol
Bile acid
Wheat bran, fiber, Ca, vegetables
Mammary gland
Deep-fried, smoked foods
Fats
Hormone balance
Vegetables, fruits
Prostate
Fried and smoked foods
Fats
Hormone balance
Vegetables, Fruits
Endometrium, Ovaries
Hydroxyl free radicals
Fat
Obesity, estrogen
Vegetables, Fruits