Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease transmitted through the respiratory tract. The degree of transmission is determined by the number of TB bacilli in the sputum of a TB patient, the severity of the patient’s cough symptoms and the closeness of contact. The main measures to prevent tuberculosis are: 1. Early detection and cure of the source of infection A sputum-positive tuberculosis patient can infect 15 healthy people. Therefore, the source of infection should be detected as early as possible and treated thoroughly in order to shorten the infectious period of the source. Early detection is the only way to achieve early treatment, and there are many drugs to choose from, the cost of treatment is low, the adverse effects of drugs are small, safety is large, patients can easily tolerate, treatment can be carried out smoothly, the possibility of cure is large, thus reducing the failure rate of treatment and the spread of TB bacteria in society. Tuberculosis patients often have chronic cough, sputum and hemoptysis, and some patients also have fever, chest pain, night sweats and fatigue, so those who have cough and sputum for 2-3 weeks or have related symptoms should promptly seek medical examination. If tuberculosis is diagnosed, the patient should be treated regularly and complete the prescribed course of treatment. 2.Prevent the spread of tuberculosis bacilli (1) Reduce the spread of tuberculosis bacilli: strengthen health education so that everyone understands the hazards of tuberculosis and the mode of transmission, and develop good hygiene habits of not spitting; burn or medically disinfect the sputum of tuberculosis patients; patients should wear masks in public places, cover their mouths with handkerchiefs when coughing or sneezing, and do not speak loudly in front of others. (2) Reduce the concentration of tuberculosis bacteria in the environment: In poorly ventilated, more confined environments, such as within the family in winter and in groups living in crowded homes, tuberculosis bacteria are easily spread, and windows need to be opened regularly for ventilation, and daylight exposure is also important. (3) reduce contact with infectious sources: patients with bacillary tuberculosis should avoid crowded, crowded places of frequent contact activities or work, family members found in the tuberculosis, in addition to active treatment, ventilation, families with conditions, it is best to let patients live in a separate room, no conditions, bed sharing. 3, reduce the incidence of tuberculosis infected people infected with tuberculosis bacteria, about 10% of people may develop tuberculosis disease in their lifetime. The main decision depends on the resistance and the number of infected tuberculosis bacteria, and the methods to reduce the risk of morbidity are: (1) timely BCG vaccination for newborns. Newborns have low immunity and are susceptible to tuberculosis infection. BCG vaccine has 50% to 80% immune protection for newborns and has been proven to be the most effective and reliable preventive method to date. At present, the BCG vaccination rate of newborns in Beijing is at the national leading level, and if BCG vaccination is not given at birth, it should be replenished in time. (2) Increase the body’s resistance, pay attention to the regularity of life, avoid long-term overwork and mental tension; pay attention to a balanced diet; avoid partial diet and malnutrition caused by weight loss; and pay attention to proper exercise and sports. Healthy people infected with tuberculosis bacteria, tuberculosis bacteria can exist in the body for a long time, once the human body resistance is reduced, tuberculosis bacteria may multiply rapidly, people may suffer from tuberculosis disease. Exercise and proper nutrition can enhance the body’s immunity and reduce the chance of tuberculosis. (3) Prevention of diseases related to tuberculosis, such as diabetes can increase the chance of tuberculosis by 4 times, AIDS can increase the chance of tuberculosis by 30 times, other diseases such as silicosis, gastrointestinal diseases, tumors, organ transplants, long-term use of glucocorticoids can increase the occurrence of tuberculosis. 4, change bad habits: (1) quit smoking. Now it has been proved that smokers suffer from tuberculosis than non-smokers, the greater the number of cigarettes, the more chances of tuberculosis. Smoking often causes coughing, coughing sputum and cover up the symptoms of tuberculosis, affecting the timely detection and treatment of tuberculosis. (2) Limit alcohol. Drinking large amounts of alcohol affects the normal diet, resulting in malnutrition and reduced resistance, while alcohol can damage the liver, once the tuberculosis disease can increase the toxicity of anti-tuberculosis drugs to the liver and affect the complete treatment. (3) should avoid long-term late night, irregular life.