Today we will take a look at the fever in the end what is going on? How should we treat the baby fever scientifically and effectively! What is fever? Pediatrics generally refers to axillary temperature over 37.3 degrees Celsius (interfering factors – overheated surroundings, excessive clothing, strenuous activity, etc.); anal temperature is about 0.5 degrees Celsius higher than axillary temperature. Fever itself is not a disease, but a symptom. Fever is caused by an increase in heat production or a decrease in heat dissipation by the body. In most diseases, fever is caused by activators acting on the body to produce a thermogenic agent that acts on the thermoregulatory center, and changes in the thermoregulatory point acting on – muscles (increased heat production by chills), sweat glands (decreased heat dissipation by stopping sweating), and vascular synergy (peripheral vasoconstriction – decreased heat dissipation by cold hands and feet), resulting in increased heat production and decreased heat dissipation. The result is fever. First, in professional academic terms, I hope you can see why baby fever will chills, cold hands and feet, cover can not cover sweat instead of making the body temperature soar. So the question is, the human body is a smart precision instrument, why is our body stupid enough to let itself get hot? In fact, “fever” is also beneficial to our body: 1, the body will increase the body temperature to a temperature higher than the appropriate growth of pathogens to reduce their growth and reproduction rate; 2, the body temperature will increase the enzymes or toxins produced by pathogens inactivation; 3, fever itself can mobilize the body’s own immune system to fight infection; to the body alarm: tell me to get sick It is necessary to rest in order to recover from the disease! What are the causes of fever in babies? There are many reasons for baby fever, we boil down to two main aspects: 1, pseudo-fever: (small babies – environment too hot, overdressed, etc.; school-age children – do not want to go to school thermometer in warm water to cause the illusion); 2, baby true fever common causes: (1) infection (whistling, digestive tract, urinary tract, sepsis, etc.): viruses (2) non-infectious diseases, such as: connective tissue diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, etc.), hematologic malignant diseases (leukemia, etc.), Kawasaki disease, heat stroke, adverse reactions after vaccination, etc. Can fever damage the brain? Generally, fever itself will not burn the brain, and fever below 42 degrees Celsius itself will not burn the body. Some babies may have febrile convulsions, but if they are clearly febrile convulsions, they will not affect their intellectual development. Some people say that the neighbor’s so-and-so is a fever burned brain, burned silly! The so-called burned silly, the actual infection control is not satisfactory local infection to the central nervous system, that is, the formation of encephalitis or toxic encephalopathy, part will remain sequelae. The encephalitis has corresponding symptoms, a long time high fever does not subside, mostly with drowsiness, depression, impaired consciousness, convulsions and other accompanying symptoms. Parents should not be too nervous, after all, it is very rare. What should parents observe when their baby has a fever? 1. When does the fever appear? 2. How long does the fever last? （3. What is the maximum temperature (peak) per day?) 4. How long is the interval between spikes? How many times a day? 5.Can oral antipyretics be used to reduce the fever to normal? 6.After the temperature is reduced to normal, what is the mental condition and urine output? 7.Are there any symptoms of whistling and gastrointestinal infection? Are there any accompanying symptoms such as skin rash, eye redness, eyelid swelling, neck lumps, etc.? What should I do if I have a fever? (Under what circumstances do you need antipyretics?) If your child has a fever with an axillary temperature greater than 38.5 degrees Celsius (currently in China), and the US fever guidelines recommend a fever greater than 39 degrees Celsius with physical discomfort, antipyretics are the first choice. At present, domestic babies with a history of convulsions are still recommended to apply antipyretics above 38 degrees Celsius. There are two main types of fever reducers commonly used for babies: ibuprofen suspension (Merlin) and acetaminophen suspension (Tylenol). These are the relatively safe medications recommended in the International Fever Guidelines for Children for application to reduce fever in children. In addition to the oral formulations, there are also anal suppositories of these two drug ingredients. (Suppositories are generally used in situations where oral medication is not available): for example, when baby refuses to take oral medication; when oral medication is followed by vomiting; when high fever is found during baby’s sleep; when baby has a convulsion, etc. There have been false claims in WeChat that doctors in Australia have banned these two antipyretics for children, so don’t listen to the rumors! At present, these two drugs are recognized worldwide as relatively safe drugs to reduce fever in children, in fact, many parents bring back from abroad antipyretic drugs are also these two ingredients. So what antipyretic drugs are relatively risky? Aspirin should be applied with caution in children with infections, especially in viral infections with the potential to cause Reye’s syndrome! (A life-threatening disease) Intravenous and intramuscular antipyretics also have corresponding risks when applied in children and are not recommended!!! Nimesulide has been banned for use in children to reduce fever because of its side effects, so be sure to remember that name! When using antipyretics, there are also rules. First of all, you should not be too impatient to give your baby a continuous dose of antipyretic medication in a short period of time, and take the appropriate dosage according to your weight. (Babies under four months should be given medication under the guidance of a doctor.) There should be at least a 4-hour interval between two antipyretics, and it is not necessary to alternate between two ingredients (ibuprofen and acetaminophen), which antipyretic effect is good which one. But when one is more than 4 times in 24 hours can be replaced by another. Or when the last antipyretic effect is not good, you can try another one, each baby may react differently to antipyretic drugs, in general, the effect of ibuprofen (Merlin) is slightly stronger.