Long-term hypertension can cause the small arteries of the kidneys to sclerosis, the metabolic waste in the blood is difficult to be discharged through the sclerotic glomerulus, the kidney’s function of blood purification is damaged, leading to a series of adverse consequences. The first sign of kidney problems in hypertensive patients is increased nocturia, which is a sign of renal tubular problems. Second, impaired kidney function can also aggravate hypertension, as the kidney is an important organ for regulating blood pressure. The latest version of the Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of hypertension has this to say about hypertension and the kidneys: 1. The concomitant relationship between hypertension and kidney disease There is a concomitant relationship between the two. Hypertension due to renal disease is called renal hypertension, mainly caused by renal vascular disease (such as renal artery stenosis) and renal substantive disease (glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, polycystic kidney, etc.), which can produce hypertension during the progression of renal disease, and the latter exacerbates renal disease so that renal function is reduced, forming a vicious circle. 2, hypertension caused by renal damage of antihypertensive treatment hypertensive patients such as the early manifestations of renal impairment, such as microalbuminuria or creatinine level mildly elevated, should actively control blood pressure, in the patient can tolerate, blood pressure <130/80mHg, if necessary, can be combined with the application of 2-3 antihypertensive drugs, which should include a RAAS blocker (ACEI or ARB). 3, hypertension with chronic kidney disease antihypertensive treatment of these patients, especially with renal insufficiency, diet and blood pressure control is most important. Strict control of hypertension is the key to delaying the progression of renal disease and preventing the risk of cardiovascular events. The target blood pressure can be controlled below 130/80 mm Hg. ACEI or ARB has both antihypertensive and proteinuric effects, so it should be the first choice for patients with hypertension with renal disease, especially those with proteinuria; and the combination of these two types of drugs may be beneficial for reducing proteinuria, but there is a lack of more evidence-based evidence. Long-acting calcium channel blockers and diuretics may be added if the target cannot be achieved. If renal function is significantly impaired, such as blood creatinine level >3mg/dl, or glomerular filtration rate is less than 30ml/min or there is a large amount of proteinuria, it is appropriate to use dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers first; thiazide diuretics can be replaced with tab diuretics (such as furosemide). 4, the end-stage renal disease antihypertensive treatment Not dialysis patients generally do not use ACEI or ARB, and thiazide diuretics; available calcium channel blockers, tab diuretics and other antihypertensive treatment. For renal dialysis patients, the blood potassium and creatinine levels should be closely monitored, and the goal of blood pressure lowering <140/90mmHg.