According to physiologists’ research, people can still live about four weeks or even two and a half months without eating, but if they don’t drink water, they can only endure at most three days at room temperature, and if it’s hot in summer, I’m afraid a day and a half will be unbearable. Each person should consume at least 1.5 liters of water every day, and every day we eat food, some of which already contains a lot of water, such as daily soup, vegetables, fruits, etc. have a certain amount of water content. Therefore, we should decide the amount of water to drink according to each person’s activity, so that we can avoid taking in too much or too little water. For kidney disease patients, water is not just drink. When the kidney concentration function decreases in the early stage of chronic kidney disease, the amount of urine can increase, so the amount of fluid should be increased to prevent dehydration; when edema, oliguria or anuria appear in the middle and late stage of chronic kidney disease, the intake of water should be limited. Total daily water intake = implicit water loss – endogenous water + dominant water loss + previous day’s urine volume. If the patient has no overt water loss (vomiting, diarrhea or drainage fluid, etc.), the daily fluid intake is 500 ml + the previous day’s urine volume. If the patient is febrile, the amount of hidden water loss (via the lungs and skin) increases by 10-15% for every 1 degree increase in body temperature. Milk contains water, vegetables contain water, fruits contain water …… So how do you know how much water is already in the food you eat? Usually: vegetables contain 90% water, yogurt and ice cream contain 80% water, rice and potatoes contain 70% water, and buns contain about 30% water. Tips to control water consumption Tip 1: fix a glass of water chronic kidney disease patients first need to figure out their own situation, to understand how much water they can replenish a day, and then roughly eliminate the water content of food in the diet to determine how much water they can drink a day. Then, according to the amount of water they can drink, the daily amount of water in a fixed container, with a fixed glass of water to drink, the appropriate amount of time to drink. Technique two: containing ice cubes chronic kidney disease patients in determining the amount of water they can drink, if the conditions allow, part of the water made into ice, thirsty when you can take a small piece in the mouth, one can quench thirst, the other to meet the psychological. Tip three: chew sugar-free gum Chewing can promote the secretion of saliva, in the process of controlling water intake, patients with chronic kidney disease may often feel thirsty, you can chew sugar-free gum in moderation to relieve the feeling of thirst. Tip 4: Eat less cooked food and do more People who often eat cooked food know that after eating cooked food they always feel that their mouths are easily dry and like to drink water. Therefore, patients with chronic kidney disease should eat less cooked food. In addition, practice has shown that idle people love to drink more than busy people, so try not to let yourself too idle, take the initiative to do something to enrich your life.