TB can be transmitted even if there are no symptoms. The infectious agent of TB is Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Even if the patient is asymptomatic, he or she carries Mycobacterium tuberculosis, so the patient becomes the source of infection. In general, the main route of transmission of TB is droplet transmission. Patients coughing, sneezing, laughing, and talking will spray microdroplets containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis into the air, which will be inhaled by susceptible individuals and lead to infection. Other modes of transmission, such as through the gastrointestinal tract and skin, are now very rare. The infectiousness of tuberculosis is related to the amount of Mycobacterium tuberculosis excreted by the patient, as well as the density of microdroplets containing the bacilli in the space, ventilation, and the closeness and duration of contact with the tuberculosis patient and individual immunity. To avoid transmission, daily contact with TB patients should be avoided as much as possible. If tuberculosis is diagnosed, patients need to be treated with medications such as isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, etc. under the guidance of a professional doctor, and patients with indications for surgery should take surgical treatment. Patients should ensure ventilation in the house to reduce the microdrop density of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.