Lung cancer, a malignant tumor originating in the bronchi and lungs, is a serious threat to human health and life in today’s world, and its incidence rate is increasing significantly in most countries. From the perspective of treatment, lung cancer is currently categorized into two major groups: small cell lung cancer (accounting for 25%) and non-small cell lung cancer (accounting for 75%), the latter of which includes squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma. Treatments for lung cancer include surgery, chemotherapy (化疗), radiotherapy (放射疗) and biotherapy (生疗). Surgery and radiotherapy are both localized treatments and are only suitable for patients with relatively early or limited stage lung cancer that has undergone chemotherapy. Since lung cancer is considered to be a systemic disease and 70%~80% of lung cancer patients are in middle or late stage when diagnosed, although biotherapy is also a systemic treatment, there are many unsolved medical problems in biotherapy, so chemotherapy is the real systemic treatment at present. In other words, the vast majority of lung cancer patients need chemotherapy. Lung cancer chemotherapy means applying natural or synthetic chemical drugs to treat lung cancer. Chemotherapy drugs enter the body through oral, intramuscular, intrathecal lumbar puncture or intravenous routes to kill lung cancer cells. Small cell lung cancer is very sensitive to chemotherapy, and the effective rate of combined chemotherapy can reach 80%~90%, and the complete remission rate can reach 20%~80%, so it is called a malignant tumor that can be cured. Although the effect of chemotherapy on non-small cell lung cancer is not as good as that of small cell lung cancer, chemotherapy is also the main treatment means, especially in the late 1990s, some new chemotherapeutic drugs have been discovered, such as paclitaxel, vincristine (Novobenzin), gemcitabine (Kenzei), and cisplatin, etc. Combined with chemotherapy, it can obviously improve the chemotherapeutic effect of non-small cell lung cancer, and its effective rate can be up to 20%~52%. A large number of clinical trials have proved that chemotherapy can improve the quality of life of lung cancer patients and is better than those without chemotherapy in terms of survival rate. In addition, the prejudice of not actively treating senior lung cancer patients should be changed, which means that lung cancer chemotherapy should not be limited by age. Lung cancer chemotherapy is divided into treatment period and intermittent period. According to the different types of lung cancer cells, stage of disease and types of drugs, the chemotherapy period usually ranges from 3 to 8 days, and the intermittent period usually ranges from 3 to 4 weeks; one chemotherapy is called a cycle, and usually 2 to 3 cycles are called a course of treatment, and the regular chemotherapy needs 6 to 8 cycles, i.e. 6 to 8 months. Since each patient has different response to chemotherapy, and the type of lung cancer cells and the presence or absence of metastasis are directly related to the chemotherapy effect, each patient shows different chemotherapy effect to the same chemotherapy drugs. Generally, the therapeutic effect is evaluated after 2~3 cycles (one course of treatment) of chemotherapy. Although chemotherapeutic drugs can kill lung cancer cells, they also have a certain degree of killing effect on rapidly proliferating normal tissue cells (skin, gastrointestinal mucosa, bone marrow, etc.), which is often manifested as hair loss, mouth ulcers, nausea and vomiting, reduction of white blood cells and platelets, etc., and is also the main reason why people are afraid of chemotherapy. However, with the development of modern medicine, these toxic side effects of chemotherapy, which used to be unacceptable to people in the past, have become less and less obvious, because there are many chemotherapy adjuvant drugs that can deal with these effects, so that you will have almost no reaction at all during the whole chemotherapy period. Therefore, as long as you really understand the knowledge about chemotherapy for lung cancer, you will no longer be afraid of chemotherapy for lung cancer, and you should never believe in the rumor of “chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy, chemotherapy and chemotherapy”. If you are unfortunate enough to suffer from lung cancer and need chemotherapy, please do not be blindly afraid of it, but find a lung cancer specialist to understand your condition and prognosis, who will help you overcome the psychology of fear of cancer, eliminate the pessimism and disappointment, and build up the confidence of overcoming cancer, and at the same time, he or she will choose a so-called individualized treatment plan suitable for you, so that the quality of your life will be improved to the greatest extent.