The diagnosis of epilepsy is based on the patient’s medical history and seizure symptoms, combined with EEG, CT and MRI findings, followed by a determination of primary or secondary epilepsy. If the epilepsy is secondary, the cause should be identified and the site of the lesion should be identified. Finally, a reasonable treatment plan will be determined based on the patient’s condition. The diagnosis of epilepsy cannot be made by having an occasional seizure in a person’s life, especially in a stressful situation; a detailed, complete, accurate and clear medical history is important for the diagnosis of epilepsy. Doctors are mostly unable to witness the patient’s seizures, and about 30% of epileptic patients have normal EEG performance during the interictal period. Therefore, epilepsy can be diagnosed as long as there are typical clinical manifestations of seizures, regardless of the EEG performance. The patient has no memory of his or her seizures, and the condition is mostly described by relatives or colleagues who witnessed the seizure. The time of first seizure is very helpful for diagnosis. In addition to cerebrovascular, traumatic and degenerative diseases, the possibility of brain tumor is also very high; primary epilepsy mostly develops around 5 years old and during adolescence. 2. Seizure characteristics and duration Whether there is an aura before seizure (such as rising gas, palpitations, vertigo, fear, hallucinations, local twitching, etc.), aura symptoms suggest brain lesion sites. Generalized seizures are often not preceded by aura. Whether there is loss of consciousness during seizure; whether the convulsion is generalized or localized; whether there is falling, foaming at the mouth and bruising; whether there is sudden stopping of activities, aborting conversation, dropping objects or mechanical repetitive movements; whether the eyes are rolled up or gazing to the side, whether there is rotation of the body; whether there is numbness, coldness, electric shock, distortion of vision, headache, abdominal pain, etc.; whether there is déjà vu or unfamiliarity; whether there is swallowing, chewing, sucking; whether there is swallowing, chewing or sucking. Any swallowing, chewing, sucking; any memory changes, dream-like sensations, obsessive-compulsive thinking; whether the attack is clear, vague or totally unaware. How long the above symptoms last should be understood in detail. The first symptoms and the sequence of secondary symptoms are of great value for the localization of the lesion. The earliest symptoms have the most localization significance: for example, the epileptic patient first has right-sided mouth, eye and facial convulsions, followed by right-sided finger, arm, shoulder and lower limb convulsions. 4. The relationship between sleep and the timing of seizures Some patients have seizures only during sleep, some have seizures only during the day, and some have no regularity. Psychomotor epilepsy often has seizures during the day, and lack of sleep often stimulates grand mal seizures. Some patients develop epileptic sleepwalking disorder. 5. Seizures with accompanying symptoms and post-seizure symptoms Cyanosis during seizures suggests hypoxia. Bite, tongue or oral mucous membrane bite, urinary incontinence can be the supporting evidence of grand mal seizure. Headache and vomiting during seizures are signs of increased intracranial pressure. 6. The evolution of seizures and treatment can not only understand the changes of seizure types, but also summarize the lessons learned in treatment. In addition, the past history, personal life history and family history of the epileptic patient should be asked in detail. The patient should also undergo a comprehensive physical examination, routine EEG, cerebrospinal fluid examination, cerebral angiography and CT and magnetic resonance imaging if necessary. The prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of epilepsy require the close cooperation of doctors, patients and their families, and even the whole society. We hope that through the joint efforts of everyone, we can master and apply the prevention and control of the disease, and the methods of recuperation, in order to effectively put forward the treatment effect, reduce the pain of patients, reduce the heavy economic and living burden of patients and their families, and stop the re-occurrence of the disease, so that the majority of patients can recover as soon as possible.