Orthostatic hypertension (OHT) is a manifestation of abnormal postural blood pressure regulation in which the blood pressure is normal in the lying position and increases when upright. It is a manifestation of abnormal postural blood pressure regulation. The increase in blood pressure is mainly due to the increase in diastolic blood pressure, and the fluctuation range is large. The concept of OHT was proposed as early as the 1980s. Most studies on OHT have involved middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and some young people with normal blood pressure. In recent years, OHT in children has also received a lot of attention, as studies have shown that the onset of OHT in children is mostly during adolescence, triggered by changes in body position or prolonged standing, with syncope and dizziness as the main symptoms. Although the prognosis for OHT in childhood is good, individual blood pressure remains constant at the appropriate percentile over time and abnormal blood pressure levels in childhood may continue into adulthood. Early detection of childhood blood pressure abnormalities and early intervention and treatment can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood.