1.What is a surgical neck fracture of the humerus? Simply put, a humeral surgical neck fracture is a type of “shoulder fracture”. In medical terminology, the humeral epicondylar neck is located 2 to 3 cm below the anatomical neck, which is the junction of the cancellous bone of the humeral head and the cortical bone of the humeral stem, and is prone to fracture. 2.How does a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus occur? Most of the injuries are caused by indirect external forces. For example, if the hand or elbow hits the ground first when falling, the external force is caused by the impact to the shoulder. Depending on the size and direction of the external force, different types of fractures are formed, including crack fracture, abductor fracture and internal fracture. 3.Which condition is considered as a possible surgical neck fracture of the humerus? After trauma, the affected shoulder is swollen, petechiae often appear on the anteromedial side, the upper arm is slightly shorter than the healthy side when the fracture is misaligned, there may be abduction or adduction deformity, there is obvious pressure pain in the shoulder, and the shoulder joint movement is limited. However, it is important to note that if there is insertion of the fracture end can move the shoulder joint. If you suspect a humeral surgical neck fracture, you need to go to the hospital. 4.How do I need to treat a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus? For stable fractures, non-displaced or mildly displaced fractures, especially for embedded fractures in the elderly, only the injured limb should be suspended with a triangular scarf or the shoulder abduction brace should be fixed for 6 weeks, and functional exercises can be started. For displaced fractures and unstable fractures, surgical internal fixation is recommended for those patients who are in fair general health and can tolerate surgery. Because, this partial external fixation (cast, splint, etc.) is not so reliable. For severe comminuted fractures, it is recommended to perform shoulder arthroplasty because the possibility of necrosis is higher and the sequelae left behind are more frequent even after healing. 5.Will a surgical neck fracture of the humerus leave sequelae? If there is a combination of brachial plexus axillary artery and axillary nerve injury, there is a greater possibility of sequelae. In conservative treatment, the fracture may heal abnormally, and because the upper limb needs to be fixed for a period of time, there may be sequelae such as stiffness, limited movement, and pain in the shoulder joint. In surgical patients, after the shoulder joint is painless for a few days after surgery, you can move the shoulder joint, so there are fewer sequelae. 6.What other treatments are needed after conservative treatment or surgery? It is best to use some medication to reduce edema within the first three days; for severe pain, take oral pain relieving tablets; and take calcium supplements at the same time. At the same time, pay attention to the blood circulation of the distal end (fingers): whether there are white, purple or cold fingers. 7.When to start functional exercise? Generally, surgical patients can start functional exercise of the shoulder joint after the shoulder joint is pain-free for a few days after surgery. Conservatively treated patients can move their hands and wrists early; after 6 weeks of removal of fixation, they can start to move the shoulder joint. Start with shoulder joint pendulum movement and gradually increase the range of motion of the shoulder joint. 8.What do I need to pay attention to in terms of diet? During the recovery period, patients with fractures should make sure that their diet is reasonable, and they should not use spicy food or hair products, and they should not smoke. Scientific studies have shown that some chemical components emitted by smoking can hinder the healing of the fracture.