Chemotherapy is the application of antitumor chemical drugs and the use of certain measures and protocols to treat tumors. In addition to the usual oral and intravenous routes of administration, local or intracavitary (including thoracic, abdominal, pericardial, spinal cord and bladder) administration is also possible in order to increase the concentration of drugs in the area where the tumor is located. Usually several highly effective antineoplastic drugs are administered orally or intravenously in a sequential manner to form a complete regimen. Chemotherapy as a systemic therapy plays an important role in the overall comprehensive treatment. Chemotherapy is not only indicated for advanced and relapsed cases, but also plays a role in the treatment of early stage patients. Chemotherapy is a proven treatment to cure malignant tumors, prevent tumors from spreading, reduce the growth rate of tumors, as well as alleviate symptoms caused by tumors, even if the tumor has progressed to an incurable level, chemotherapy will help to alleviate the patient’s pain and prolong the patient’s survival.