Submucosal tumors of the digestive tract include a wide range of benign tumors such as smooth muscle tumors, lipomas, nerve sheath tumors, fibromas, etc., as well as malignant tumors such as gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors, carcinoid tumors, and smooth muscle sarcomas. The common feature of these tumors is their “deep growth” (originating below the epithelial layer of the gastrointestinal tract wall), therefore, the correct diagnosis of these diseases cannot be made by routine mucosal biopsy, but mainly relies on empirical diagnosis by ultrasound endoscopy, and the confirmation of the diagnosis requires pathological examination of the specimen after resection. In the past, this type of lesion was not considered to be resectable endoscopically, and treatment was mainly surgical resection, but surgical treatment is more invasive and has a greater impact on the normal function of the GI tract. With the development of minimally invasive gastrointestinal endoscopic treatment techniques, most of the submucosal tumors of the GI tract can now be resected endoscopically, i.e., endoscopic submucosal excision (ESE). the main indications for the ESE technique are benign or low-grade malignant submucosal tumors (such as mesenchymal tumors, carcinoid tumors, smooth muscle tumors, etc.) that do not exceed 3 cm and grow mainly into the lumen of the GI tract. Depending on the morphology of the tumor and the location of growth, the surgical approach can be direct excision, or resection by submucosal tunneling method, or even total resection of the GI tract wall, and the surgical incision is also sutured under endoscopy. Since this technique was carried out in our department in 2009, all of them have obtained satisfactory results.