The main treatment options for hypertension include non-pharmacological and pharmacological antihypertensive treatment. Among them, non-pharmacological treatment mainly refers to lifestyle interventions, i.e., the removal of behaviors and habits that are detrimental to physical and psychological health. It not only prevents or delays the onset of hypertension, but also lowers blood pressure and improves the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs, thereby reducing cardiovascular risk. According to the recommendations of hypertension prevention and treatment guidelines, the non-pharmacological treatment plan is briefly described as follows: a. Strict salt control and low sodium diet The sodium intake of our residents is significantly higher than the current WHO recommendation of less than 6g per day, while the potassium intake is severely inadequate, therefore, all hypertensive patients should take various measures to reduce sodium intake and increase the intake of potassium salt in food as much as possible. The main measures include: 1, reduce the salt used for cooking as much as possible, and it is recommended to use quantifiable salt spoons; 2, reduce the amount of MSG, soy sauce and other condiments containing sodium salt; 3, eat less or no processed foods with high sodium salt content, such as salted vegetables, ham, sausages and all kinds of fried foods; 4, increase the intake of vegetables and fruits; 5, use cooking salt containing potassium for those with good kidney function. Strict control of low-salt diet can make blood pressure drop 2 to 8 mmHg. Second, effective weight loss, weight control Overweight and obesity is one of the important causes of elevated blood pressure, and central obesity with abdominal fat accumulation as a typical feature will further increase the risk of hypertension and other cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, appropriate to reduce elevated body weight, reduce body fat content, can significantly reduce blood pressure. Normal body mass index for adults is 18.5-23.9 kg/m², in 24-27.9 kg/m² is overweight, suggesting the need for weight control; BMI 28 kg/m² is obese, should reduce weight. Adults with normal waist circumference of 90/85 cm (male/female), such as waist circumference ³ 90/85 cm (male/female), also suggests the need for weight control, such as waist circumference 95/90 cm (male/female), should also reduce weight. The most effective weight reduction measures are to control energy intake and increase physical activity. In terms of diet, we should follow the principle of a balanced diet, control the intake of high-calorie foods (high-fat foods, sugary drinks and alcohol, etc.), and control the amount of staple foods (carbohydrates) appropriately. In terms of exercise, regular, moderate intensity aerobic exercise is an effective way to control weight. Studies show that weight loss of 10KG can reduce blood pressure by 5-20mmHg. Third, quit smoking completely and avoid relapse Smoking is an unhealthy behavior and is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease and cancer. Passive smoking also significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Smoking can cause endothelial damage and significantly increase the risk of atherosclerotic disease in patients with hypertension. The benefits of quitting smoking are well established and can be beneficial at any age. Tobacco dependence is a chronic addictive disease that is not only difficult to quit, but also has a high relapse rate. Therefore, physicians should strongly advise and supervise patients with hypertension to quit smoking and encourage them to seek medication-assisted cessation, and should also follow up and monitor successful quitters to avoid relapse. Limit alcohol consumption and try not to drink Long-term heavy alcohol consumption can lead to increased blood pressure, and limiting the amount of alcohol consumption can significantly reduce the risk of hypertension. All hypertensive patients should control the amount of alcohol they drink. The daily intake of alcohol should not exceed 25g for men and 15g for women, and it is not recommended for hypertensive patients to drink alcohol, but in small amounts: less than 50ml of white wine, 100ml of wine (or rice wine) and 300ml of beer. Health is very beneficial. Regular physical exercise can have an important therapeutic effect, lowering blood pressure and improving glucose metabolism. Therefore, it is recommended to have an appropriate daily physical activity of about 30 min, and more than one aerobic physical activity per week, such as walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, aerobics, dancing and non-competitive rowing. A typical physical activity program consists of three phases: 1. 5-10min of light warm-up activity; 2. 20-30min of endurance activity or aerobic exercise; 3. a relaxation phase, about 5min, gradually reducing exertion, so that the response of the cardiovascular system and the body’s thermogenic function gradually stabilize. The form of exercise and the amount of exercise should be based on personal interest and physical condition.