The epiglottis cartilage is a part of the laryngeal cartilage. It resembles a leaf, with a broad and free upper end and a thin tip attached to the back of the anterior pedicle of the thyroid cartilage. The surface is covered with mucosa to form the epiglottis. When swallowing, the larynx is lifted up and the laryngeal opening is closed by the epiglottis to prevent food from accidentally entering the laryngeal cavity. Acute epiglottitis is one of the most serious laryngological diseases, mostly occurring in the winter and spring influenza epidemic season. The disease is characterized by an acute onset and rapid progression, and can result in sudden death by asphyxiation within 2-3 hours due to respiratory obstruction. The most common cause of the disease is infection, mostly Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, S. pneumoniae, etc. It can also be combined with mixed viral infections, other causes and metabolic reactions, trauma, acute inflammation of adjacent organs, etc. The main symptoms of the disease are chills, high fever, general malaise, loss of appetite, general aches and pains, etc. In severe cases, there may be coughing with vomiting, open mouth and birth, and in mild cases, there is a foreign body blocked in the throat. If the disease develops quickly, dyspnea may appear, mainly inspiratory dyspnea, accompanied by high-pitched inspiratory wheezing and snoring, with muffled pronunciation, which can rapidly cause asphyxia. Most patients have significant throat pain that worsens when swallowing. This disease should be highly alert, once the diagnosis is clear, should be hospitalized for observation and treatment to prevent accidents, and at the same time immediately give a large dose of antibiotics and hormonal drugs, most patients can be relieved after medication, in addition to pay attention to the water, electrolyte balance and the main organs of toxic symptoms. If abscesses have been formed, timely incision and drainage of pus is required, and tracheotomy is required for those with severe respiratory distress.