Because of my profession, people often ask me questions like “There are so many people with bowel cancer nowadays, will I get this disease too?” This is actually a question about the people who are at high risk of colorectal cancer. This question is actually the problem of high-risk group of colorectal cancer. Indeed, colorectal cancer is becoming more and more common nowadays, according to the latest statistics: the incidence rate of colorectal cancer in China has been “increasing” year after year, with about 130,000 to 160,000 new cases every year, and the incidence rate has been increasing by 2% every year on average for 20 years. So what kind of people are prone to colorectal cancer? First of all, people who have a family history of bowel cancer, here mainly refers to those who have immediate family members with colorectal cancer, especially those who have it for more than two consecutive generations, and those who are under 50 years old, their offspring have a significantly higher risk of developing colorectal cancer, and the risk probability is nearly 20 times higher than that of the general population. Therefore, it is recommended that this group of people should pay special attention to regular cancer prevention examinations, such as regular colonoscopy and tumor index tests related to bowel cancer. Secondly, people who have had malignant tumors, especially those who have already suffered from bowel cancer, have 10 times higher risk of suffering from bowel cancer than ordinary people. Here we especially remind some women who have had cervical cancer and used radioactive local treatment have an increased chance of developing rectal cancer. We suggest that these people should have regular follow up within 5 years after tumor surgery, but after 5 years, it is not the end of the story, so they should pay more attention to regular check up and follow up. The third group of people is those who have colon polyps, especially adenomatous polyps, which are precancerous in themselves, and nearly 80% of colorectal cancers are transformed by adenomatous polyps. For this reason, patients with intestinal polyps should have their polyps removed in time, and they should have regular colonoscopy. The fourth group of people is those who are over 40 years old and have symptoms in the high incidence area of colorectal cancer. The high incidence of colorectal cancer in China is mainly in the Yangtze River Delta region, the Pearl River Delta region and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, especially in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, which are the most frequent areas. The fifth group of people is patients suffering from chronic ulcerative colitis, which turns into cancer due to the long-term stimulation of chronic inflammation in the large intestine. Therefore, patients with ulcerative colitis must pay attention to their disease, not only to actively treat for a speedy cure, but also for those who do not heal for a long time or recurring cases, may have to consider surgical removal of this “time bomb”. There is another group of people who come from schistosome infected areas and suffer from schistosomiasis, as the dead schistosome eggs deposited in the mucous membrane of the large intestine can cause cancer. Therefore, for those who have been exposed to schistosome infected water or have had schistosomiasis, regular colonoscopies should be done to rule out the possibility of tumor development. Lastly, we should remind that there are some other groups of people, such as patients after gallbladder removal, patients with diabetes and people with long-term constipation, although they are not as risky as the previous groups of people, they have a higher chance of getting intestinal cancer than the general population according to research data. These people belong to the high-risk group of colon cancer, and we suggest that they must go to the hospital for colonoscopy regularly even if they have no symptoms. We recommend colonoscopy once every one to two years, which is beneficial to detect pre-cancerous lesions – colorectal adenoma and early cancer, so that patients can get timely treatment.