A few days ago, the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau announced the list of causes of death in 2007, which showed that malignant tumors jumped from the third cause of death in 2006 to the first, becoming the “number one killer” of the city’s residents for the first time. It overtook the second and third causes of cerebrovascular disease and heart disease. Among malignant tumors, lung cancer, liver cancer and intestinal cancer alone accounted for 52.01% of deaths from malignant tumors. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Health on the causes of death in 30 cities and 78 rural counties, malignant tumor has become the first cause of death in 2006. This seems to indicate that the era of “tumor is fiercer than tiger” is coming. But we should look at this problem more objectively and analyze it scientifically in order to avoid unnecessary panic. First of all, the proportion of tumor deaths is increasing year by year, which is directly related to the importance of the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China’s health work in recent years, especially in the suburbs and counties to increase the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Moreover, with the influence of the Olympic Games and the development of national fitness activities, urban residents generally recognize that factors such as overweight and obesity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy dietary habits are the causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and try to avoid them, thus minimizing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Secondly, as China enters an aging society, people are living longer and longer. The “Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Health Development” states that the average life expectancy of the Chinese population will reach 72.5 years in 2010, an increase of 0.5 years compared to 2005. Infectious diseases and infectious diseases are no longer absolutely fatal to us, so the incidence of tumors is on the rise, the age of onset is also increasing, and the mortality rate is increasing. All these have raised higher requirements for disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment. In addition, after the industrialization of society, people’s life style has changed and mental stress has increased, which all contribute to the increase of tumor incidence. However, it must be pointed out that cancer should not be talked about because cancer is actually a treatable disease, and the development of medical science and research in recent years has greatly improved the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. For example, under the integrated treatment model of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, immunotherapy and Chinese medicine, six to seven out of ten patients suffering from breast cancer can be cured, and the cure rate of early stage breast cancer can reach over 90%. The overall cure rate of colorectal cancer has also increased from less than 50% to about 60% year by year, and the early stage can reach more than 80%. According to the International Health Organization, one-third of tumors can be cured, one-third of patients can survive for a long time, and the remaining one-third can get clinically significant improvement. So how to make tumors treatable and curable? There is a problem of tumor prevention and treatment. Generally speaking, this goal is achieved through three levels of prevention. Primary prevention – etiological prevention. Promote healthy lifestyle to reduce the influence of cancer-causing factors on us. For example, abandoning smoking, alcoholism, overworking and other lifestyles, eating a reasonable diet, exercising and managing environmental pollution. Through primary prevention, we can reduce the occurrence of cancer in the population and possibly postpone the occurrence of cancer. Secondary prevention – three early stages, i.e. early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. Popularize the scientific knowledge about cancer, make everyone alert and knowledgeable about cancer, have regular medical checkups, and seek medical consultation immediately when symptoms are detected. For example, lumps and ulcers in any part of the body, poor eating and swallowing, dry cough or blood in sputum, loss of appetite and weight loss, change in stool habits, painless hematuria, etc., are all signs of cancer. It is especially important to remind that one should not “seek medical advice” or treat according to experience. You should choose a regular hospital for treatment according to standardized, individualized and scientific treatment. Tertiary prevention – treating all cancer patients. Nowadays, medicine is able to achieve the best treatment effect, avoid recurrence and accelerate recovery. Even for patients in advanced stages, it is possible to reduce pain, improve quality of life and prolong survival. In recent years, the state has invested a lot of human, material and financial resources in cancer prevention and treatment. For example, on March 17, the National Breast Cancer Screening Program for Women, which is under the supervision of the Ministry of Health and undertaken by the China Anti-Cancer Association, was launched. The central government has earmarked 19.38 million yuan to provide 530,000 women of the right age with free high-level breast cancer screening and health education on breast cancer prevention and treatment, in order to comprehensively improve the level of breast cancer prevention and treatment for women in China and promote the improvement of women’s health. It is believed that with the improvement of people’s awareness of cancer prevention and medical development, the death rate of cancer will continue to decline in the near future.