Since H. pylori is a contagious pathogen, it seems that all infected individuals should be screened and treated. With more than half of the population infected with H. pylori, the population base is huge; medical conditions vary from place to place, requiring huge amounts of money for treatment; the benefit of treatment varies between individuals and is not effective for everyone; and eradication is not easy with the rising rate of drug resistance. The medical consensus is that at this stage it is not realistic to actively screen and treat all people for H. pylori in China, and that it is still necessary to have screening indications appropriate to the national situation and to adopt a passive strategy of “treating all positive H. pylori”, regardless of whether there are indications for eradication, and if there are no resistance factors, it is recommended to supplement with a certain amount of anti-probiotics For those who are positive for H. pylori, it is recommended to first supplement with antibiotics and later combine with antibiotics for eradication. What are the conditions that require H. pylori screening and treatment? Experts believe that people with the following clinical features should be screened and benefit from eradication treatment for those who are positive (1) dyspeptic symptoms such as gastric pain and distention, for which symptomatic treatment has failed; (2) erosion, bleeding, atrophic gastritis, heterogeneous hyperplasia, and intestinalization; (3) gastroduodenal ulcers, with or without symptoms or complications; (4) family history of gastric cancer, or after gastrectomy; (5) long-term use of proton pump inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics, and low-dose aspirin; (6) gastric MALT lymphoma, (7) iron deficiency anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, vitamin B12 deficiency, etc.