Patients with symptoms of root inflammation and swollen pockets are usually considered to be suffering from periapical periodontitis, which is divided into acute periapical periodontitis and chronic periapical periodontitis, with specific details including: 1. Acute periapical periodontitis: In the case of acute periapical periodontitis, in addition to manifesting as root inflammation and swollen pockets, it is usually accompanied by symptoms such as loosening of the affected tooth and biting pain. Patients need to seek prompt medical attention for pulpal drainage or, if the abscess is located in the periosteum or submucosa, incision and drainage to help eliminate the acute inflammation, relieve painful symptoms and preserve the affected tooth. If the acute symptoms are controlled, root canal therapy or plastic surgery is required to help eliminate the lesion. 2. Chronic periapical infection: In the case of chronic periapical infection, in addition to manifesting as root inflammation and swollen pouches, there is usually no conscious pain, or simply manifesting as biting weakness, chewing discomfort and other symptoms. Such patients require prompt root canal treatment to preserve the affected tooth and close observation. If the cyst is enlarged, apical surgery is required to scrape the periapical lesion and remove the infected apices, or if the prognosis is poor due to an oversized cyst, timely extraction of the affected tooth is recommended.