The core tips Xiamen.com – Xiamen Daily, a survey shows that the myopia rate of secondary school students in the city is as high as 80% to 90%. The summer holidays are approaching, many parents intend to take their children to the hospital to treat myopia, but the variety of vision correction methods, parents and children are often confused, do not know how to choose. In fact, each vision correction method has different suitable people, scientific selection is very important. 24 June afternoon, the newspaper readers health adviser, the first hospital of Xiamen University ophthalmology chief physician Xin Yijing was invited to the newspaper at the helm of the “famous doctor hotline”, patiently for the public to answer questions and solve problems. Xin Yijing, chief physician of ophthalmology of the First Hospital of Xiamen University, is a part-time professor of Fujian Medical University and a member of Xiamen Medical Accident Identification Expert Group. She has long been engaged in ophthalmology clinical, scientific research and teaching work, and has more than 20 years of experience in ophthalmology specialties. She specializes in excimer laser surgery and is one of the early qualified excimer laser surgeons in China. She has won the third prize of Xiamen Science and Technology Progress and has more than 10,000 cases of successful surgical experience. The company’s main business is to provide a wide range of products and services to the public. What are the specific requirements for laser surgery? Dr. Xin:Excimer laser myopia correction surgery has been the icing on the cake for myopia correction since its inception. Now, nearly 900,000 myopic patients in China remove their glasses through excimer laser surgery every year, and after the treatment, they can not only meet the requirements of the military, employment, higher education, and civil service examinations for vision, but also have a new image and a new feeling. Although laser myopia surgery is very mature, but not everyone can do it, must meet five requirements: ① 18 years of age or older; ② the last two years myopia is relatively stable, not more than 50 degrees per year deepening; ③ after examination, the eye indicators meet the requirements of surgery, that is, the basic health of the eyes, etc.; ④ if you usually wear contact lenses, soft lenses should stop wearing 2 weeks, hard lenses should stop wearing more than 8 weeks ( It is possible to switch to frame glasses); ⑤ Myopia should preferably be below 1200 degrees. This is because adolescents under the age of 18 and patients with unstable myopia are still in a state of change, so early surgery may have adverse effects and may cause myopia to recede after surgery, so laser surgery is not recommended. Patients with thin corneal thickness and myopia over 1200 degrees may have complications due to the inability to reserve a safe corneal thickness; in addition, patients with severe dry eye and active eye disease are also not suitable for myopia surgery. Myopia can only be corrected but not cured Ms. Hou: My son just finished elementary school this year, but his myopia has reached 300 degrees and is still deepening. Is there any way to prevent myopia from developing or to cure it? Dr. Xin:Since the specific mechanism of myopia pathogenesis is not clear, it is not possible to establish effective prevention and treatment measures to address the pathogenesis of myopia. The only methods available are compensation and correction of refractive errors, such as wearing corrective glasses and laser surgery. However, if parents can urge their children to start with environmental factors closely related to myopia, pay attention to eye hygiene from the following aspects, actively improve eye habits and reduce visual fatigue, they can effectively slow down the process of myopia deepening. ① Develop good reading and writing habits and maintain proper posture, keep your eyes at a distance of at least 25-30 cm from books, do not read in a moving car, and take a 5-minute break for every half hour of continuous reading (it is best to take a break with your eyes closed); ② Avoid long hours of reading, writing, watching TV, playing video games, staying up late, etc., get enough sleep, and use the computer more often. Blink your eyes or close them for a few minutes every half an hour; ③ improve the visual environment, such as appropriate lighting (not too dark and not too bright) to improve visual contrast sensitivity, increase the size of the object being viewed, reduce the details of the object being viewed and stroboscopic changes; ④ improve physical fitness, strengthen physical exercise; ⑤ pay attention to nutrition, eat more fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin A and vitamin C, etc. ⑥Regularly go to the regular hospital for vision examination. Massage therapy for myopia is not reliable Ms. Cai: my granddaughter is only 12 years old, myopia has reached three or four hundred degrees, very worrying. I heard that there are now institutions using massage treatment for myopia, I wonder if it is reliable? Dr. Xin:Massage therapy for myopia is not reliable, there is no scientific basis. Myopia is divided into two types: real and pseudophakic. Pseudomyopia is caused by visual fatigue, vision is close to normal, in general, without glasses, through eye exercises and other ways to relieve the symptoms, scientific eye use, so that it does not develop in the direction of myopia. For true myopia, the only way to achieve normal corrected vision is through glasses or excimer laser surgery. The “little glasses” should be checked regularly during the summer and winter holidays Mr. Gong: My grandson graduated from elementary school this year to go to junior high school, he was wearing myopic glasses when he was in third grade, but because children are playful, suspicious of wearing glasses is not convenient, so can not adhere to. Recently, I noticed that he is watching TV closer and closer to the screen, and his vision seems to be decreasing again, what should I do? Dr. Xin:It’s true that glasses are often inconvenient for users, but it’s worth acknowledging that they are still by far the easiest and most reliable way to deal with myopia. Parents must pay close attention to the fact that the myopia rate among high school students in our city is as high as 80% to 90%. If a child has poor eyesight, parents need to take their child to a regular hospital ophthalmology for professional medical optometry, if identified as true myopia, can be corrected by wearing frame glasses. It is important to remember that not all is well after the child is fitted with glasses, because of the pressure of learning, and do not pay attention to vision health, over time, also lead to vision fatigue, myopia will continue to increase. Some children take wearing glasses as a burden, wear them when they are happy, not when they are unhappy, so that the eyes are often in an unstable state of adjustment, will also make myopia gradually deepen. In general, myopic children’s myopia increases by 50-75 degrees per semester is the normal range, such as more than this number of degrees, there will be other disease tips. So “little glasses” should go to the hospital regularly in the summer and winter to check their vision, so that they can adjust their lenses in time and try to control the myopia degree deepening. Don’t forget to wash the soaking solution before wearing contact lenses Mr. Zhang: I am 24 years old, myopia more than 400 degrees. I like to play badminton, wearing frame glasses is very inconvenient, especially in the summer, a sweat glasses to slide, very uncomfortable. I want to buy a pair of contact lenses to use when I play sports, but I don’t know what kind of contact lenses to choose and whether I am suitable for wearing them. I would like to ask the experts to give me some guidance. Dr. Xin:The main consideration in choosing contact lenses is that they should be breathable, oxygen permeable, and have a high moisture content so that the eyes do not dry out easily and are not prone to bacteria. The contraindications to wearing contact lenses are: conjunctival inflammation; too much eyelid tension for the glasses to move. This is a condition that can be detected by examining the eyes before prescription, so it is best to go to a hospital for contact lens fitting. It should be reminded that many young people who wear contact lenses often wear the contact lenses dipped in the soaking solution directly on their eyes, which is very unhygienic. This is because the chemicals in the soaking solution can easily cause irritation to the eyes, leading to chronic inflammation, dry eyes, allergic reactions and other problems. The correct method is to use artificial tears or saline to rinse off the soaking solution, or use warm water to rinse it off. Long-term wear “contacts” beware of corneal ulcers Miss Wang: I am 25 years old, myopia more than 300 degrees, have been wearing frame glasses. Recently, a colleague recommended that I wear “contacts”, saying that these colored contact lenses are not only fashionable, but can also make your eyes big and beautiful, is that really true? Can I wear contacts for a long time? Dr. Xin: Although contacts (colored contact lenses) look beautiful, there are many hazards associated with long-term wear. This is because colored contact lenses contain a lot of pigment, especially those of small brands and poor quality counterfeit “contacts”, which are prone to pigment loss after long-term use, leading to eye diseases such as keratitis and corneal ulcers. The pigmented contact lenses can affect the oxygen permeability of the glasses and cause corneal hypoxia. We have seen many cases of eye diseases caused by the casual wearing of “contacts” in our clinics. Therefore, unless it is a special occasion, try not to use colored glasses. IOLs can be implanted to correct super high myopia Mr. Huang: I’m 34 years old, myopia 1400 degrees, wear thick eyes all year round, very painful. I want to have laser corrective surgery to remove my glasses, but my doctor said that my myopia is too high and my cornea is too thin for that. I heard that there is an IOL implantation technology that specializes in correcting super high myopia, I wonder if I can do it? Dr. Bud Xin:What you are referring to is the Implantable Intraocular Contact Lens (ICL), a soft artificial lens, which is another innovative technological achievement in the field of modern refractive ophthalmology and can be placed in front of the clear lens of the human eye with a thickness of only about 50 microns, thinner than the diameter of a hair. One of the advantages of ICL is the flexibility of the treatment. If your vision changes significantly after ICL implantation, your doctor can remove or replace the lens. A repeat procedure can be performed at any time needed. Patients who are suitable for IOL implantation should be between the ages of 21 and 45, have myopia (with or without astigmatism) or hyperopia, and wish to achieve better vision correction. The ideal patient to receive an ICL should ideally not have had any eye surgery and not have a history of some eye disease such as iritis, glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy. Of course, a detailed examination at the hospital is required first.