Pingyangmycin combined with sodium hyaluronate for venous malformations

Venous malformation (VM), formerly known as cavernous hemangioma, is a low-flow vascular malformation consisting of small dilated veins. About 40% of VMs occur in the head and neck area, which not only affects facial appearance, but also affects speech, swallowing and respiratory functions if it compresses and invades adjacent tissue structures, with the risk of death by asphyxiation in severe cases. Its treatment methods are numerous, mainly sclerotherapy injection treatment, according to the specific condition of the patient, choose the appropriate sclerosing agent (pingyangmycin, anhydrous ethanol, polyglaucine, etc.). Pingyangmycin (PYM) sclerotherapy is one of the most commonly used methods, but due to the rich blood flow in the face and neck and fast venous reflux, for high reflux venous malformations, the simple application of pingyangmycin has a short residence time at the site of the lesion, which reduces the therapeutic effect. In order to slow down the absorption of pinyamycin and maintain its effective concentration in the injected lesion for a longer time without increasing the total amount of pinyamycin injected and alleviating its side effects, Shaohua Liu and Jian Chen of Qilu Hospital, Shandong University combined pinyamycin treatment with hyaluronic acid as a slow-release agent. In vitro experiments showed that the combination of pinyamycin with sodium hyaluronate resulted in decreased angiogenic capacity of venous malformation endothelial cells, increased apoptosis, shortened duration of tube-formation and faster receding of the tubular wall than pinyamycin alone, with significant differences compared with the blank control group. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a physiologically active substance widely found in animals and humans, and is distributed in human skin, synovial fluid, umbilical cord, atrial fluid and vitreous humor of the eye. It is widely used in the field of drug slow release because of its high viscoelasticity, plasticity, permeability, unique rheological properties and good biocompatibility. Meanwhile, it plays an important role in cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. The combined application of the two is expected to significantly improve the therapeutic effect of venous malformations. In addition, Pingyangmycin (8mg) can also be mixed with 40% iodized oil (8mL) and shaken well to form an emulsion for intra-lesion injection, which is better than Pingyangmycin injection alone, but the high proportion of swelling, pain and fever, and can cause swallowing and breathing difficulties and tissue necrosis, and should be applied with caution in the floor of the mouth and throat.