Abstract】Background and objectives Intra-arterial chemotherapy and embolization are the main means of treatment for lung cancer, but most reports do not distinguish small cell lung cancer from non-small cell lung cancer and blood-depleted lung cancer from blood-rich lung cancer for further study, and the infusion of chemotherapeutic agents before embolization has been delayed, and iodinated oil embolization is rarely reported. In this paper, we aim to investigate the clinical efficacy of iodinated oil chemo-emulsion embolization for primary blood-rich non-small cell lung cancer by summarizing the quality of survival, clinical efficiency, survival and complications after treatment. Materials and methods Forty-one patients with pathologically confirmed and completed follow-up from January 2008 to January 2009 had moderately or more enhanced lesions on CT-enhanced scans, suggesting a rich blood supply. Including 23 cases of central type and 18 cases of peripheral type. There were 21 cases of squamous carcinoma, 15 cases of adenocarcinoma, and 5 cases of adenosquamous carcinoma. 34 cases were stage IIIb and 7 cases were stage IV. The tumor capillary bed was embolized with liquid iodinated oil + epi-adriamycin emulsion and the tumor blood supply artery was embolized with gelatin sponge particles using a microcatheter for super-selective cannulation of the target artery under DSA with a dosage of 5-10 mL of liquid iodized oil and 10-30 mg of epi-adriamycin. The longest follow-up was 12 months and compared with the relevant literature from 2007-2009. Results After treatment, patients had improved symptoms and significantly increased KPS (P value < 0.05), with 0 CR, 31 PR, 7 NC and 3 PD in local lesions, with an overall effective rate (CR + PR) of 75.60% and a clinical benefit rate (CR + PR + NC) of 92.68%. Overall survival exceeded 12 months in 33 cases (80.48%), stage IIIb in 29/34 (85.29%) and stage IV in 4/7 (57.14%). Complication spinal cord injury was observed in 1 case. Conclusion The clinical efficacy of iodinated oil + chemotherapeutic agent emulsion alone embolization in the treatment of primary blood-rich non-small cell lung cancer was confirmed, while avoiding toxic side effects of chemotherapeutic agents. absolute super-selective cannulation with microcatheters under DSA and careful differentiation of spinal arteries and intra-tumor arteriovenous fistulae are the keys to avoid serious complications such as spinal cord injury.