Menstruation is a regular, periodic bleeding from the uterus. Under the influence of estrogen and progesterone secreted by the ovaries, the endometrium proliferates, secretes, and exfoliates to form menstruation. It is regulated by the complete neuroendocrine system of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis. Therefore, abnormalities in the function of either the ovaries, pituitary or hypothalamus can lead to menstrual disorders. FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) are mainly secreted by the pituitary gland to promote follicular development and maturation, and are regulated by the synergistic effects of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone and ovarian estrogen. The main role of FSH is to promote follicular growth and development. LH is essential for ovulation, induces ovulation, and promotes the synthesis of androgens. Androgens are precursors for the synthesis of estrogens. However, excessive androgens can affect the growth and development of follicles, which ultimately affects ovulation and leads to irregular menstruation. Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common and frequent disease among young women. In polycystic ovary syndrome, the frequency and magnitude of LH secretion increases, and the level of LH is equal to or higher than the level of mid-follicular phase, while the level of FSH is lower, equal to the level of early follicular phase, less volatile and more stable. In polycystic ovary syndrome, androgen secretion is increased and activity is enhanced. Metabolic dysregulation predisposes to obesity or overweight. Due to excessive production of androgens, the ovaries become enlarged bilaterally and persistently do not ovulate, resulting in clinical manifestations of obesity, infertility, amenorrhea and polycystic ovary syndrome. In particular, abnormal hormone levels are more common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, and hormone level disorders cause great problems for women’s physical appearance and physical and mental life of women of pregnancy age. Some studies have shown that early pre-eclampsia is closely related to endocrinology. It is hoped that the present investigation of some sex hormones will help young women with polycystic ovary syndrome to understand their endocrine function and provide visual data to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment process. However, sex hormone measurement is only one of the auxiliary diagnostic methods, and should be combined with medical history, physical signs and other examination methods, such as ultrasound, cervical mucus score, basal body temperature, hysterosalpingography and other indications, to find the cause of the disease and provide symptomatic treatment.