The title means in layman’s terms what to do if you have trigeminal neuralgia, where to go to see a doctor, how to see a doctor, and how to treat it after it is diagnosed. The clinical manifestations of trigeminal neuralgia are very characteristic. If you have recurrent episodes of severe unilateral facial tearing-like pins and needles pain, you should consider whether you have trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia usually comes on suddenly, often triggered by actions such as chewing, brushing teeth, washing face, talking or even opening mouth (called trigger points), and the attack time varies from seconds or minutes to hours, while the inter-episode period is completely normal. Many patients are afraid to eat, wash their faces, brush their teeth and speak because of the fear of pain, which seriously affects their normal life and brings great pain to patients, even painful. The diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia is mainly based on clinical manifestations, and it is often easy to make a judgment based on typical symptoms, but some patients treat trigeminal neuralgia as “toothache” and still have pain after tooth extraction, and some have acupuncture, take Chinese medicine, and some take painkillers, and finally they have no choice but to go to the hospital. Therefore, we advise our patients to go to the neurosurgery department (or neurology department) of the hospital once they have recurrent unilateral facial pain, which is usually diagnosed at the county or city hospital. The next step is not to rush to take medicine, but first to figure out the cause of the disease. The cause of most trigeminal neuralgia is not yet clear and is called primary trigeminal neuralgia. It is generally believed to be due to the compression of the trigeminal nerve root by blood vessels resulting in demyelinating lesions forming a short circuit in nerve conduction. Some patients are caused by other cranial diseases, such as tumors, cysts, inflammation, etc., which are called secondary trigeminal neuralgia. Therefore, patients with trigeminal neuralgia should undergo cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), CT and other examinations before treatment to exclude and treat these lesions. There are many ways to treat primary trigeminal neuralgia, the first of which is medication. For cases with severe pain that affects patients’ life and work and long-term medication is ineffective, or for those who cannot tolerate the side effects of medication, we recommend trigeminal nerve microvascular decompression, which has the advantage of being minimally invasive, has no effect on normal nerve function, does not lead to nerve dysfunction such as facial numbness, and has a low recurrence rate after surgery. There is no need to continue taking any medication.