For most patients with pneumonia, bronchoscopy is not necessary. Bronchoscopy is generally recommended for a subset of pneumonia that does not respond well to anti-inflammatory therapy. Because anti-inflammatory treatment is not effective, attention needs to be paid to rule out whether it is obstructive pneumonia or other causes of lung infection. At this time, bronchoscopy can be done to see if there are any foreign bodies in the bronchi and if there is any new growth in the bronchial lumen. If not, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid can be done to further clarify the pathogenic bacteria by doing culture and smear and other related tests. If the pathogenic bacteria are clearly identified, then targeted treatment will be relatively easy to treat.