Female urinary incontinence is a common disease in women, and currently, according to global statistics, the prevalence is close to 50%, with severe incontinence at about 7%, about half of which is stress incontinence. The prevalence rate in China is basically comparable to this. Such a large number of people suffering from the disease, the quality of life and health status of women constitute a serious impact. Due to socioeconomic and cultural and educational factors, as well as women’s shyness about urinary abnormalities, female stress incontinence has long been underappreciated by both doctors and patients. With the rapid growth of China’s national economy and the rapid improvement of people’s living standards, the many health and social problems caused by female stress urinary incontinence are gradually being taken seriously. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) refers to the involuntary leakage of urine from the external urethra when abdominal pressure is increased by sneezing, coughing or exercise. Symptoms are involuntary leakage of urine during increased abdominal pressure such as coughing, sneezing, and laughing. The sign is the involuntary leakage of urine from the urethra that can be observed during increased abdominal pressure. Urodynamic examination shows involuntary urine leakage on filling cystometry in the presence of increased abdominal pressure with good stability of the detrusor muscle. Second, clearer correlates 1, age: with age, the prevalence of female urinary incontinence gradually increases, with a high incidence age of 45 to 55 years. The correlation between age and urinary incontinence may be related to the relaxation of the pelvic floor, estrogen reduction and degenerative changes in the urethral sphincter that occur with age. Some common diseases of the elderly, such as chronic pulmonary disorders and diabetes mellitus, can also contribute to the progression of urinary incontinence. However, the incidence of stress urinary incontinence in the elderly tends to slow down, which may be related to their lifestyle changes, such as reduced daily activities. 2, childbirth: the number of births, the age of first birth, the mode of delivery, the size of the fetus and the incidence of urinary incontinence during pregnancy are significantly correlated with the occurrence of postpartum incontinence, the number of births and the occurrence of urinary incontinence is positively correlated; the age of first birth between 20 and 34 years old women, the occurrence of urinary incontinence and childbirth correlation is higher than in other age groups; the occurrence of urinary incontinence in those who are too old for childbirth Women who deliver vaginally are more likely to have incontinence than women who deliver by cesarean section; women who deliver by cesarean section are at greater risk of incontinence than women who have not given birth; the use of midwifery techniques that accelerate labor, such as forceps, suction devices and contractions, also increases the likelihood of incontinence; mothers of large fetuses are also at greater risk of incontinence. 3, pelvic organ prolapse: pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence seriously affect the health and quality of life of middle-aged and elderly women. Stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse are closely related and often accompany each other. Pelvic organ prolapse patients pelvic floor support tissue smooth muscle fiber thinning, disorderly arrangement, connective tissue fibrosis and muscle fiber atrophy may be related to the occurrence of stress urinary incontinence. 4, obesity: obese women have a significantly higher chance of stress urinary incontinence, weight loss can reduce the incidence of urinary incontinence. 5, race and genetic factors: genetic factors and stress urinary incontinence have a clear correlation. The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence is significantly correlated with the prevalence in their immediate family. The prevalence of urinary incontinence is higher in white women than in blacks. Diagnosis The diagnosis of stress incontinence is mainly based on subjective symptoms and objective examination, and other diseases should be excluded. Fourth, treatment 1, conservative treatment (1) strengthen the pelvic floor muscle exercise that is the so-called “anal lifting exercise”. Do not advocate the exercise of a large amount of exercise, easy to cause excessive strain on the pelvic floor muscle and aggravate the symptoms of urinary incontinence. At present there are many auxiliary devices to improve the efficacy of pelvic floor muscle exercise, such as biofeedback therapy. There are also transurethral or vaginal electrodes to stimulate the contraction of the pelvic floor muscle. (2) Drug therapy There are two types of drugs commonly used, namely estrogen and alpha-agonists. Especially in postmenopausal women, the urethral mucosa and submucosal tissues lack estrogen support and atrophy, resulting in the weakening and loss of urethral mucosa and submucosal tissue closure. estrogen replacement therapy can partially restore the urethral mucosa and submucosal tissues and relieve the symptoms of urinary incontinence. alpha-agonists are contraindicated in hypertensive patients and are most suitable for patients with upright hypotension with stress urinary incontinence. 2.Surgical treatment Surgical treatment should be considered after conservative treatment is ineffective or the symptoms are severe. (1) the main indications for surgical treatment: ① non-surgical treatment is not effective or can not be adhered to, can not tolerate, the expected effect of poor patients. (2) Patients with moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence, which seriously affects the quality of life. ③Patients with high quality of life requirements. ④Patients with pelvic floor functional lesions such as pelvic organ prolapse that require pelvic floor reconstruction should undergo simultaneous anti-stress incontinence (2) Surgical modality: tension-free midurethral sling is highly recommended and is more commonly used as TVT, TVT-O and TVT-S.