The most common benign tumors in women?

(A) Overview: Fibroadenoma of the breast (mastofibroma) occurs most frequently in young women aged 20 to 25 years, and it is more common in single cases and 10-30% in multiple cases. One side of the breast may also show multiple fibroadenoma growth. The occurrence of fibroadenoma is closely related to the stimulation of estrogen, but rarely occurs before menstruation or after menopause. Fibroadenoma is usually found in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. It seems to be ovoid; some are like cherry size, some are egg size, and can develop into huge fibroadenoma. The surface of the tumor is smooth, but hard. The boundary of the tumor is clear, and there is no adhesion with the skin and surrounding tissues. There is no enlargement of axillary lymph nodes. Tumor growth is slow. It may not change for several years; however, it may increase rapidly during pregnancy or lactation by the effect of progesterone, and the pain is very light or no pain. Therefore, we suggest to make breast examination before pregnancy, and deal with the breast tumor found with surgical indication in advance to avoid the trouble during pregnancy and lactation. 2.Fibroadenoma: there is an outer envelope, the color of the cut surface is mostly gray, bright, not very smooth, and many unevenly arranged fissures and dilated milk ducts are visible to the naked eye. Although the possibility of fibroadenoma becoming cancerous is small, there is still a possibility of sarcoma, so surgery should be performed. The effect of drug treatment is not good. 3.Surgery is performed under local anesthesia (1%-2% lidocaine is commonly used, but epinephrine may not be added), and a concealed incision is made in a radial or circumareolar pattern. For larger tumors, especially those located in the lower part of the breast, an arch-shaped incision can also be made at the lower edge of the breast. (B) Pre-operative preparation: Fibroids are relatively easy to remove and no special treatment is required to exclude contraindications to surgery. (C) Surgery: The surgery is strictly aseptic, and the skin and subcutaneous tissues are incised in sequence up to the fibroid envelope. This means that the fibroadenoma can be easily removed. Try not to destroy the normal breast ducts during surgery. As long as the operation is performed carefully and patiently, the normal ducts are separated layer by layer to minimize damage, and there is very little bleeding during the operation. After removing the fibroadenoma, the bleeding is stopped by electrocoagulation and then closed, and the sutures are closed without leaving a dead cavity to prevent postoperative exudation of fluid, and the skin sutures are removed in 7 to 10 days. The wound is covered with sterile gauze for protection for 1 week. Now our hospital uses Johnson absorbable sutures and Priligy sutures to reduce scar reaction and make the incision more beautiful. (iv) Postoperative treatment: Removal of fibroadenoma, as long as the operation is strictly aseptic, postoperative administration by intravenous or intramuscular injection is not required. Alternatively, preoperative prophylactic use of antibiotics once, while using antibiotics, increase the dosage of vitamin C, administered 3 to 4g, oral 0.4 to 0.6g, which has the effect of improving the immunity of the body. After surgery, pay attention to the wound dressing change, the surgery is strictly without infection in general, and those with increased throbbing pain should be highly alert to the possibility of wound infection and septicemia.