It is necessary to understand the risk factors for the development of coronary artery disease and control them under the guidance of doctors after coronary artery bypass surgery, because only then can we prevent or delay the emergence of new lesions in the coronary arteries and blockage of bridges in order to guarantee the long-term efficacy of coronary artery bypass surgery.
Coronary heart disease is a multi-causal disease, and the risks affecting the development of coronary heart disease are present in our daily life and are closely related to our lifestyle.
Genetic factors, high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol and high fat diet, overweight, lack of exercise, stress and psychological pressure, diabetes, in addition to genetics, the above risk factors we can control and improve.
It is very important to understand the above eight factors that increase heart disease and coronary heart disease. The formation of plaque in the coronary arteries and atherosclerosis of the arteries are formed gradually in our life, and we should understand and reduce these risk factors as much as possible
in order to counteract or delay the onset of coronary artery blockage and reduce the occurrence of myocardial infarction.
Genetic factors.
Studies have confirmed that the occurrence of coronary heart disease appears to be familial, i.e., if a family member or a blood relative has a myocardial infarction before the age of 60, that family member has a predisposition to heart disease. Genetic factors appear to be more important in the development of coronary heart disease because several other factors can be modified to reduce the chance of heart disease.
Before menopause, men are more likely to develop coronary heart disease than women, by a ratio of 4:1, while after menopause, the incidence increases gradually in women. The incidence of coronary heart disease in men and women is equal at age 65 and increases with age.
Smoking.
Smoking has many side effects on the body, which are caused by the nicotine, nicotine, and carbon monoxide contained in the smoke.
The following are examples of some of these side effects.
1. When smoking, the heart rate increases and blood pressure rises, both of which require the heart to work harder while consuming more oxygen.
2.There are some ingredients in tobacco that can make the blood clot easily.
3, smoking process, can occur in the hands, feet and heart arteries in an hour after smoking can still occur paroxysmal constriction or narrowing, so that the blood supply to these parts further reduced.
4. The amount of lipids and cholesterol in the blood increases and is deposited in large amounts in the inner walls of the arteries.
5. In smokers, carbon monoxide levels in the blood are 4 to 15 times higher than in nonsmokers, and carbon monoxide in the blood replaces normal binding in the blood, thus reducing the amount of oxygen delivered to the heart muscle.
6, smoking can also cause bronchitis and lung cancer.
Smoking is a completely avoidable risk factor, and after quitting, will be greatly benefited, if a smoker quit smoking, he died of coronary artery sclerosis, after 10 years, about the same proportion as non-smokers. Chewing tobacco, because it also contains a lot of nicotine, can also produce the above-mentioned side effects.
Hypertension.
Hypertension is another high risk factor for heart disease, especially when accompanied by other factors. It is considered an important factor in accelerating atherosclerosis and heart failure, so keeping your blood pressure within as normal a range as possible is an effective way to minimize hypertension as a disease-causing risk factor. It is wise and effective to receive regular checkups from your doctor and to follow his advice.
Mental stress.
Chronic stress can lead to increased blood pressure, but it is not well understood how stress works as a risk factor. It has now been observed that a person is prone to heart disease if he is always in a state of stress about his surroundings, so the solution to this problem should be that a person should understand and identify the factors in his surroundings, including at home and at work, that can cause him stress, and And, learn how to deal with it, each person, can deal with tension and tension factors according to their own situation, choose to avoid or eliminate these factors that are prone to tension, choose or create a relaxed environment for themselves.
Weight.
Being overweight can be harmful to your entire body situation, for example.
1. When a person is overweight, it increases the burden on the heart because the heart must group extra work to provide more blood to the excess tissues to go.
2.The cholesterol level in the blood of an overweight person, which is usually increased, decreases after weight control.
3.Diabetes is not easy to control when you are overweight.
4, when overweight, high blood pressure is also not easy to control.
The vast majority of experts believe that exercise is good for the heart. It is recommended to do the following exercises regularly: walking, slow walking, swimming, and keep it three times a week. Exercise can burn excess body fat and calories, help you control blood pressure, and exercise the heart’s ability to work so that it can tolerate sudden movements that increase the heart’s load.
High blood fats.
High blood cholesterol is another high risk factor for heart disease. It is not known exactly what value of cholesterol is harmful to the heart, usually, a blood cholesterol level of 300mg is considered too high, in short, the lower the cholesterol level the lower the risk of getting a myocardial infarction, blood cholesterol at 200mg or lower, and the proportion of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease will be very low In fact, the human body needs a certain amount of cholesterol, and in fact, the body can produce cholesterol by itself when it needs it. If we can control the blood cholesterol at a low level, we can prevent or slow down the occurrence of coronary heart disease by reducing the fat in the diet, controlling the amount of diet, increasing exercise, reducing body weight, consuming the excess calories and fat in the body, and stopping fat deposits in the arteries by the above methods.
Triglycerides are another fatty component of the blood, which can also be abnormally high. Triglycerides can also be deposited in the arteries and cause arterial blockage. If necessary, you can ask for guidance from experts in nutrition.
Salt.
Close attention should be paid to the amount of salt in the diet, which is very important. Salt acts like a sponge, which absorbs large amounts of water and causes fluid retention in the blood vessels and body, so excessive salt intake can increase the burden on the heart and is also a risk factor for hypertension.
Caffeine.
It is recommended that the use of caffeine is controlled at an appropriate level, caffeine is included in coffee, tea, cola-type drinks, caffeine has the effect of stimulating the work of the heart, drinking a cup to two cups of coffee a day is feasible, but more than this amount, for some people’s heart, heart rate will have adverse effects.
Diabetes.
In diabetes, the function of the pancreas is reduced and cannot produce sufficient amounts of insulin, resulting in an abnormal increase in blood sugar in the blood. The role of insulin is to enable the body to use this sugar and convert it into energy for the body’s activities. When the level of sugar in the blood is increased, it leads to higher cholesterol levels in the blood and increases the incidence of myocardial infarction. Therefore, it is very important to control the blood sugar level, which can be achieved by adjusting the diet, maintaining the weight and increasing the exercise.