Etiology: age, gender, race, genetics, environmental factors, dietary habits, and occupation all play a role. Abnormal body metabolism, urinary tract obstruction, infection, foreign body and drug use are common causes. Symptoms: Mostly pain in the lower back and abdomen, which may be colicky or dull, sometimes accompanied by hematuria in the flesh, nausea, vomiting, and fever in the presence of more serious infections. Treatment: Non-surgical treatment includes drinking more water and being more active, combined with oral Chinese medicine and western medicine for stone removal; extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatment. Surgical treatment includes endoscopic treatment such as ureteroscopic lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy or laparoscopy, and open surgery for lithotripsy (because of its trauma, it is basically not used in hospitals with conditions). Prevention: 1. Drink more water: about 2500-3000 ml/day for adult men, 2000-2500 ml/day for female patients and elderly people with normal heart, lung and kidney function, and less for children. In summer, the amount of water can be increased to maintain a daily urine volume of more than 2000-3000 ml. 2, dietary guidance: pay attention to animal protein, cereals, vegetables and fiber with consumption, to low sugar, low fat, low sodium diet is appropriate. 3.Treat certain primary diseases causing urinary stones such as hyperparathyroidism (parathyroid adenoma, adenocarcinoma or proliferative changes, etc.). Obstructive factors in the urinary tract, such as tumors, prostatic hyperplasia, and ureteral strictures and curvatures. 4, usually should be more active, such as walking, jogging, gymnastics, etc. When you are physically fit, you can also jump in place, which is also good for preventing recurrence of urinary stones. 5, if there are stone specimens, stone composition analysis can be done, according to the stone composition to make the best targeted prevention.