Hypertension is a very common chronic disease that can have atypical symptoms such as dizziness, headache, palpitations, insomnia, nervousness and irritability, and fatigue in its early stages. Many people are diagnosed with hypertension after a high blood pressure is discovered during an occasional physical examination. Many people think that high blood pressure is no big deal, so they don’t pay attention to it even after it is diagnosed. It can even lead to impaired limb movement or sudden death due to cerebrovascular accidents. Hypertension is divided into primary hypertension and secondary hypertension. Primary hypertension is caused by genetic and environmental factors, and treatment is mainly to improve life behavior and long-term drug therapy. Secondary hypertension is an increase in blood pressure caused by certain defined diseases and can be cured or improved by surgery. Because there is no cure for primary hypertension, it is very important for patients with primary hypertension to learn to manage themselves. Then self-management should start from improving life behavior and drug treatment. A. Self-management of lifestyle habits 1. Eat more vegetables, fruits and low-fat, low-cholesterol food, avoid eating fried food and fatty meat and barbecue, light diet, do not put more salt in cooking. 2. Mental emotion. Mental tension, emotional excitement, too sad and too happy, will make the heart beat faster, peripheral vasoconstriction, increased resistance, sudden increase in blood pressure. Therefore, to maintain a calm and happy state of mind and emotions. 3. Weight control. Weight loss can reduce the load and pressure on the circulatory system, while reducing the incidence of high blood lipids, hyperglycemia, thereby preventing and delaying atherosclerosis and avoiding damage to important organs from hypertension. 4. Quit bad habits. Advocate to quit smoking and limit alcohol, absolutely no smoking, you can drink a small amount of alcohol, but not white wine and beer, you can drink red wine, wine can play a role in softening blood vessels. 5. Proper exercise. Should choose those who have a whole body, rhythmic, easy to relax aerobic exercise. Longer walks, jogging, tai chi, ama square dance, swimming, etc. After long-term adherence to appropriate exercise, blood pressure will drop significantly, and the symptoms improve. But not suitable for strenuous physical tests and sports. 6. ensure sleep. If the sleep time is very short, the active state compared with the sleep state, the blood pressure is high and the heart rate is fast, thus may increase the pressure on the cardiovascular system. The average sleep of less than 6 hours of people with high blood pressure is more than double the chance of people who get enough sleep. Second, self-management of medication 1. adhere to the daily medication. Currently, the commonly used antihypertensive drugs are mainly long-acting antihypertensive drugs, which can keep the blood pressure from fluctuating much throughout the day. The daily medication and daily life behavior such as brushing your teeth in the morning will not be easy to miss. 2. Do not take antihypertensive drugs before bedtime. Do not go to bed immediately after taking antihypertensive medication, because blood pressure drops after sleep, and cerebral blood volume decreases and slows down, making it easy to form cerebral blood clots. So some people need to take the antihypertensive drugs twice in the morning and evening to take after dinner. 3. Summer blood pressure wave can not stop the drug. Some hypertensive patients with significantly lower blood pressure in summer than in winter, they stop their own medication. It is recommended that such patients should self-monitor their blood pressure and record it, and if it continues to be low for several days in a row, it is necessary to reduce the dosage, but not to stop the medication, if you stop the medication, the blood pressure will repeatedly rise or fall, and the damage to important organs of the body will be great. 4. Blood pressure must be lowered to meet the standard. Some friends are very active in taking medication every day, but the blood pressure is not up to standard, so taking medication is like a placebo, losing the actual meaning of taking medication to lower blood pressure. Therefore must often measure blood pressure, to know whether their blood pressure is controlled, but also regularly to the hospital to check the fundus, kidney function, blood ion, etc.. Self-management of hypertension is the only way to effectively control blood pressure, prevent complications, improve quality of life and reduce the harm of disease.