(Disclaimer: This article is for general use only, and the following information has been processed to protect the patient’s privacy) Abstract: The subject of this case is an elderly menopausal woman who was diagnosed with “plasmacytic adenocarcinoma of the uterus” 5 years ago at a foreign hospital. Some time ago, she suddenly started to have recurrent abdominal pain and later felt a mass in her lower abdomen, so she came to our hospital for consultation. The patient was diagnosed as “recurrent uterine plasmacytoma with multi-organ metastasis” after biopsy of the mass and pathological examination. The patient’s condition was well controlled after 6 courses of chemotherapy. [Basic information] Female, 68 years old [Disease type] Postoperative recurrence of uterine plasmacytoma with retroperitoneal lymph nodes, left cervical lymph nodes and multiple metastases in both lungs (BRCA1/2 mutation positive) [Hospital] The Second Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University [Consultation date] August 2021 [Treatment plan] Chemotherapy (paclitaxel liposome + carboplatin injection) + targeted therapy (Ora The patient was an elderly menopausal woman who came to our outpatient clinic with “recurrent abdominal pain for 1 month and abdominal mass for 10 days”. The patient reported that she had recurrent lower abdominal pain and a feeling of swelling for the past month, but she thought it was because she had eaten badly or had a stomach problem, so she did not go to the hospital in time. 10 days ago, she inadvertently felt a mass in her lower abdomen and thought that her condition might not be simple, so she came to the hospital for consultation. After careful history questioning, the patient was seen in a local hospital in August 2016 for irregular vaginal bleeding, and was diagnosed with uterine plasmacytoma through diagnostic curettage and pathology, and was later operated laparoscopically for comprehensive staging of endometrial cancer, with removal of the whole uterus, bilateral adnexa and regional lymph node dissection, and given paclitaxel injection + carboplatin injection for chemotherapy 3 times after surgery. After chemotherapy, she thought her body had recovered, so she did not follow the doctor’s prescription for review. After consultation with our hospital, physical examination revealed: an active mass about 4×3 cm in size in the lower part of the navel; abdominal ultrasound examination revealed: multiple lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum were enlarged and partially fused. Based on the examination results and medical history, the preliminary diagnosis was “postoperative recurrence of uterine plasmacytoma and metastasis of abdominal lymph nodes”. Therefore, the patient was admitted to the hospital for treatment. After admission, the patient was given a whole-body PET-CT scan. The results showed that there were no obvious metabolic signs of tumor in the vaginal stump after endometrial cancer surgery, and several lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum were enlarged and partially fused, which were considered to be metastases. A percutaneous retroperitoneal mass biopsy was performed, and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was metastatic plasmacytic adenocarcinoma; genetic testing indicated that the HRR-related gene BRCA1/2 mutation was positive. The patient was finally diagnosed with “postoperative recurrence of plasmacytoma of the uterus with retroperitoneal lymph nodes, left cervical lymph nodes and multiple metastases in both lungs (positive for BRCA1/2 mutation)”. The patient is currently in advanced malignant tumor and has lost the chance of cure, but the progression of her disease can be controlled by chemotherapy and targeted therapy. After giving a detailed explanation of the patient’s condition and the proposed treatment plan to the patient’s family, the family requested to keep the patient’s condition confidential and agreed to follow the medical prescription for treatment. The patient was first given 6 courses of chemotherapy (21 days/course) with liposomal paclitaxel + carboplatin injection for injection. After the chemotherapy was completed, the patient was allowed to be discharged from the hospital, and then given oral olaparib tablets for targeted therapy. (Pathology report) C. Treatment effect After completing 6 chemotherapy sessions, the patient’s chest and abdomen were reviewed by CT, which indicated that the abdominal mass and lung mass were significantly smaller than before, and the efficacy was assessed as “partial remission (PR)”. The patient is now free of abdominal pain, the original abdominal mass is basically not palpable, her condition is stabilizing, and she can take care of herself. With the joint efforts of family members and doctors, the patient gradually understood his condition, and with the knowledge that chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy could completely control his condition, the patient was stable and did not have negative emotions such as depression and frustration. Before discharge, the patient was instructed to have regular outpatient follow-ups to understand the development of his disease. IV. Precautions We are glad that the patient’s adverse symptoms were reduced, his condition was stabilized and he was successfully discharged from the hospital after undergoing active treatment. After discharge, patients should pay attention to their diet. Since cancer is a chronic wasting disease, it is recommended that patients should mainly eat foods rich in high quality protein and low fat, such as fish, shrimp and eggs, etc. Avoid spicy and greasy foods, and avoid foods or drugs that may contain hormones, such as artificially farmed eel and turtle, including estrogenic drugs. In addition, psychological guidance for cancer patients is also important. Patients and their family members should maintain an open and cheerful mind and a positive attitude towards life, and family members should learn to guide patients to actively cooperate with treatment and accompany them, which is more helpful to the recovery of the disease. V. Personal insight The degree of compliance of tumor patients with doctors’ orders, that is, the so-called compliance, plays an important role in the prevention, treatment and late control of disease progress. As in this case, if the patient had followed the doctor’s orders and followed up closely in the outpatient clinic after the treatment 5 years ago, it is likely that the tumor would not have been found to have recurred and metastasized until the late stage, and if the patient had cooperated with the doctor for early detection and actively cooperated with the surgical treatment, the prognosis of the disease might have been better. If the best time for surgery has been missed, don’t be discouraged, other modalities can also control the progression of the disease, such as chemotherapy + targeted therapy mentioned in the case, and the patient has also reaped relatively satisfactory treatment results.