I. What is hemorrhoid? Hemorrhoids are soft venous masses or perianal skin growths formed by the flexion and expansion of veins in the lower part of the rectum due to the downward movement of the mucosal lining and poor blood circulation and impaired blood return. The incidence of hemorrhoids is a common disease, and the incidence of hemorrhoids accounts for about 87.5% of the incidence of anorectal diseases. This is a good way to get the most out of your life. The reason for the hemorrhoids is that there are many reasons for the occurrence of hemorrhoids, which are generally considered to be related to the following factors: 1. Anatomical factors The local blood vessels have few elastic fibers, and the rectal veins lack venous valves, so the blood vessels are prone to flex and expand and stagnate blood flow, forming hemorrhoids. As early as 2000 years ago, the “Nei Jing” recorded that ‘the tendons and veins are crossed and solved, the intestines are opened for hemorrhoids’. 2, upright position sedentary, low anal position, by gravity and geocentric suction, the lower rectum blood reflux is not smooth, easy to congestion, stagnation for hemorrhoids. 3.Infection factor Chronic inflammation of the anal local or intestinal tract. 4, chronic constipation diarrhea stubborn constipation, defecation, or long-term diarrhea, increased abdominal pressure, anorectal congestion varicose veins, rectal mucosal lining down the prolapse of hemorrhoids. 5.Pregnancy and childbirth, increased abdominal pressure during pregnancy, pelvic venous congestion, lower rectal vascular stasis, excessive force during childbirth, etc. can increase or prolapse. 6, genetic factors There are reports that about 44% of patients have a family history of hemorrhoids. 7.Dietary stimulation Preference for spicy food, spirits over-stimulate the anal tissue. 8, old and frail, heavy distant, long cough and asthma, long-standing illness, liver hard over ascites long-term increase in abdominal pressure, anal sphincter relaxation and weakness, can cause or aggravate the hemorrhoid prolapse. Third, the main symptoms of hemorrhoids: 1, painless bleeding during the stool: after the stool can appear with blood, dripping blood, or shooting blood. It is often intermittent. The bleeding for a long time can cause anemia, dizziness, shortness of breath, weakness, or even bleeding shock and other symptoms. 2, hemorrhoids prolapse: mild internal hemorrhoids anal no mass prolapse, moderate hemorrhoids can be prolapsed out of the anus after the stool but can return on their own, severe hemorrhoids or embedded swelling can not be returned to the anus after the stool. 3, pain: blood check external hemorrhoids or hemorrhoids inflammation, prolapsed embedded anal can cause local swelling and pain, fidgeting. 4 Dampness and itching: internal hemorrhoids and external hemorrhoids can cause itchy perianal traces and dampness when they are infected with erosion. Four, hemorrhoids and rectal cancer Rectal cancer is a malignant tumor with a high incidence in the gastrointestinal tract, which can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated early. Rectal cancer is easily misdiagnosed as hemorrhoids at the early stage, and there are many similarities between the clinical manifestations of rectal cancer and hemorrhoids, such as blood in stool, increased number of stools, anal urgency and heaviness. Those who have the above symptoms should go to regular hospitals for examination and diagnosis in a timely manner. The treatment of hemorrhoids: According to the severity of hemorrhoids and physical state, the following methods can be used to treat: 1, Chinese and Western medicine (Sophora elm tablets, Sophora pill, etc.) internal, fumigation type of Chinese and Western medicine external anal wash, hemorrhoids swelling and pain can be applied externally tainted cream, Ma Yinglong hemorrhoid cream, tainted pegs or Ma Yinglong hemorrhoid pegs plug anal; oral pain relief such as God punch, etc. 2.Anti-hemorrhoid spirit internal hemorrhoid injection; 3.After conservative treatment is ineffective, surgical treatment should be considered. The main methods are excision, ligation, PPH, minimally invasive excision and anastomosis of hemorrhoids, etc. The hemorrhoid prevention and control: 1, eat more vegetables, fruits, keep the stool soft and smooth; 2, eat less spicy stimulating food and strong alcohol; 3, do not squat for a long time and struggle to defecate; 4, after the stool to rinse the anus with water, keep the anus clean and hygienic; 5, usually do anal lifting exercise, etc. 6. Strengthen exercise, enhance physical fitness.