Upper urinary tract stones usually refer to kidney and ureteral stones. Upper urinary tract stones account for the major part of urinary tract stones, and the treatment methods are different according to different timely components and size and location. The general principles of upper urinary tract stone treatment are to relieve patients’ pain, relieve obstruction, protect kidney function, effectively remove stones, treat the cause of disease and prevent recurrence. The treatment of upper urinary tract stones includes lithotripsy, lithotripsy, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopic lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, laparoscopic or open surgery to remove stones. Kidney and ureteral stones less than 6 mm in diameter can usually be expelled from the body by themselves, and can be treated with lithotripsy by drinking more water and being more active, drinking around 2500 ml of water. For patients with laboratory results of uric acid stones, infected stones or cystine stones can be treated with drug lithotripsy. Commonly used lithotripsy drugs include allopurinol, acetylcysteine, nephrolithione, etc. For stones with a diameter of 7-20 mm, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy can be performed if there is no urinary tract obstruction, but for some stones that are large and hard, one lithotripsy may not have a good effect. For larger kidney stones or upper ureteral stones, percutaneous nephrolithotomy can be used; for ureteral stones in the middle and lower segments, ureteroscopic lithotripsy is usually used to remove stones. Postoperative patients drink more water and urinate more often to help prevent urinary tract infections.